Seeming Police Harassment of Peaceful Protesters:

The ACLU of Georgia reports that it is suing "on behalf of two vegan protesters who were subjected to false imprisonment, false arrest and harassment by officials of the Homeland Security Division of DeKalb County and the DeKalb County Police Department."

It also links to the police detective's report, which seems to me to substantiate the ACLU's charges — harassment and false arrest sounds like the right description, based on the detective's own description of what happened. There might of course be some factual details that would change the analysis, but right now it looks like pretty bad behavior.

Chris Lansdown (mail) (www):
What is the crime of "disorderly conduct"? It has such a vague name that what they did certainly seems to fall under the plain english meaning of "disorderly conduct", but then so does probably most of all human conduct. So presumably "disorderly conduct" has some special legal meaning more than "whatever police want to arrest you for".

What is that?
9.23.2005 4:37pm
Medis:
I really like the ID-becomes-weapon trick (ask them for ID, and then when they reach for their pocket, accuse them of going for a weapon).
9.23.2005 5:04pm
Scipio (mail) (www):
Wow.

That's pretty damn bad.

I defend 1983 lawsuits for a living, and this is pretty egregious.
9.23.2005 5:14pm
Scipio (mail) (www):
But, as an added note, I think that we've finally found a constitutional violation so grotesque that it's even too stupid for a Mississippi sheriff's deputy to have committed.
9.23.2005 5:21pm
B. B. (mail):
Ugh. Not only does it look bad in the report, but any "factual details that would change the analysis" would almost inevitably make it look even worse -- any details that would make what the cops did more reasonable would certainly have made it into a police detective's report, no? The only things that they would leave out would be things that make the cops look worse.
9.23.2005 5:25pm
byrd (mail):
"Freeman was placed in handcuffs due to the threatening manner of his body language" Huh? I wonder what clam they'll make for the initial stop.

Whatever punishment these officers finally receive, it should include civics class.
9.23.2005 5:30pm
Public_Defender:
Unfortunately, the lesson they may learn is to lie better the next time. I'm skeptical that they will receive even an oral reprimand.

One of the most destructive unions that conservatives never complain about is the FOP. The union has made it extremely difficult to weed out dishonest and abusive cops.

That strength guess that makes the FOP an effective union (even more effective than the teachers unions conservatives love to hate). But it also makes the FOP a bad citizen (worse than the teachers unions conservatives love to hate).
9.23.2005 5:36pm
von (mail) (www):
Wow. I agree with B.B.: any new additional details are likely to make it look even worse (or will appear to be fabrications). Parts of it are virtually Onionesque, e.g., I asked him for identification/suspect reached in his back pocket in "a threatening manner"/I arrested him.

Incidentally, the fact that these cops wrote all this stupidity down suggest that they really didn't understand the law. (If they did, they wouldn't have been so detailed in the report.) This suggests a failure not merely of judgment on the part of the officers and detective, but of policy and training on the part of the department as well.
9.23.2005 5:40pm
jallgor (mail):
I think the issue all stems from whether the cops were justified in demanding the license plate number back. I really don't know but if it was an officer safety thing like not wanting an undercover car's license number out in public it seems somewhat legitimate. If you establish that the police had a right to confiscate that number (and I don't know if they did) it seems like their treatment of the couple after that is pretty mundane. Let me put some possible color into the report that a taciturn cop may have not included. First, they refused a direct demand by an officer. Was that ok, maybe not? Second, the officer repeatedly describes them as "boisterous." Is that cop-speak for "the guy was in my face, shouting, and generally looked like he was about to rip my head off and the girl was screaming and jumping and I thought her head would spin around any minute?"
The scene that I picture based ont he cops report does not shock me at all. Maybe if I had been there and saw that the couple were really passive as lambs I would be more outraged.
9.23.2005 7:00pm
Eugene Volokh (www):
Whether the government can generally bar people from communicating the license plate tags of undercover police officers is an interesting question related to crime-facilitating speech.

But even if a state could ban such communication, I'm unaware of any law that in fact bans it -- I know of no legal authority for the police officer to demand that the protesters turn over what the protesters saw and wrote down in a public place.
9.23.2005 7:07pm
jallgor (mail):
By the way Chris, below is the Georgia definition of Disorderly Conduct. I would say (depending on what exactly "boisterous" means) their behavior could easily fall under (a)(1):
(a) A person commits the offense of disorderly conduct when such person commits any of the following:
(1) Acts in a violent or tumultuous manner toward another person whereby such person is placed in reasonable fear of the safety of such person´s life, limb, or health;
(2) Acts in a violent or tumultuous manner toward another person whereby the property of such person is placed in danger of being damaged or destroyed;
(3) Without provocation, uses to or of another person in such other person´s presence, opprobrious or abusive words which by their very utterance tend to incite to an immediate breach of the peace, that is to say, words which as a matter of common knowledge and under ordinary circumstances will, when used to or of another person in such other person´s presence, naturally tend to provoke violent resentment, that is, words commonly called 'fighting words'; or
(4) Without provocation, uses obscene and vulgar or profane language in the presence of or by telephone to a person under the age of 14 years which threatens an immediate breach of the peace.
(b) Any person who commits the offense of disorderly conduct shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
(c) This Code section shall not be deemed or construed to affect or limit the powers of counties or municipal corporations to adopt ordinances or resolutions prohibiting disorderly conduct within their respective limits.
9.23.2005 7:07pm
jallgor (mail):
Eugene,
Do some states have laws against gathering information about the police or specific officers? Also, if you could really establish that it was an officer safety issue (for instance they reasonably believed that these people might use the info to later hunt down this cop and harm him) wouldn't it be permissible to confiscate the info. I know I am assuming a lot.
9.23.2005 7:12pm
Apodaca:
The arrestees made a lawful observation of a public fact -- the license plate on a police car -- and recorded that fact on their own property (a piece of paper), not on stolen property. This isn't contraband, or the fruit, evidence, or instrumentality of crime. (And even if it were, the Fourth Amendment bars the police from demanding it and then arresting you for refusing.)

This case is appalling.
9.23.2005 7:17pm
guest:
Wow, I'm actually surprised it took this long for somebody to write a post defending the officers. Whew, the VC audience almost let me down there...
9.23.2005 7:18pm
von (mail) (www):
Jallgor, "boisterous" has a commonly-understood definition that does not include a threat of violence. Moreover, the detective who wrote this report clearly knew how to indicate when he felt threatened, for he indicated that he felt threatened when one suspect reached into his back pocket after being asked for his identification.

Your arguments amount to speculation that the detective's conduct is excusable because his report of his conduct is inaccurate: i.e., the facts are as you speculate, not as the officer on the scene reported. I suppose that it's possible that you're right. But, at this point, it's foolish to prefer bald speculation to the plain (if inconvenient) text of the report.
9.23.2005 7:26pm
von (mail) (www):
Jallgor, "boisterous" has a commonly-understood definition that does not include a threat of violence.

Actually, I take that back (in part). Looking at the dictionary, it turns out when boisterous is applied to the weather, it can suggest violence ("boisterous" waves and whatnot).* [Of course, our good detective was not confronted with a weather event.]

*You learn something new every day.
9.23.2005 7:30pm
Windypundit (www):
Let me get this straight. The police who were observing and gathering information about people in a public place got all upset because someone was observing and gathering information about them?

I thought cops were trained better than this. First, don't use the secret car when doing things that aren't secret. Second, it's not a crime to take notes.

"von" is right. This does sound like something out of The Onion.
9.23.2005 7:35pm
cirby (mail):
Some Florida law officers have discovered a neat trick. When someone they're harassing says anything about "you can't do this, it's against the law," the officer says "what are you, some kind of lawyer or something?" If the person says anything like yes (even sarcastically), they get arrested for pretending to be a lawyer.
9.23.2005 8:20pm
Rebecca (mail) (www):
Even if the officers were within their rights to ask for the license plate number back, I don't see what the point would be. Note to self: next time I want to surveil the police, I'll *memorize* license plate numbers. (Can one be arrested for the presumption of having memorized license plate numbers?) Then the police can dig the numbers out of my still pulsating brain (having shot me in the head while I reached for my ID).

But seriously. If the officers felt like the undercover car's cover had been blown, request a new license plate. Surely the police can do that?

This stuff makes me ill.
9.23.2005 8:40pm
R. Gould-Saltman (mail):
Cops engaging in political harassment, and surveillance, and then arresting someone who objected, or noted the conduct? I'm SHOCKED! SHOCKED, I TELL YOU!. (It's been a long week and I'm punchy.)

What's more distressing is that Jailgor, presumably a guy who thinks about legal issues (hey, he reads VC) can imagine any set of circumstances under which this police is OK.

Let's see, I see someone photographing/surveilling me. I note some identifying characteristic of theirs, whether it's writing down a license number or taking a picture of them. They then announce that (a) that they're entitled to surveil me, because they're undercover cops and (b) that I'm not permitted to retain whatever info I have about who they are, because it might result in their identities being disclosed.

Am I not entitled to verify if they're in fact what they claim to be? Am I only entitled to keep information as to who's surveilling me in public it it's NOT the state?

Truly better than Orwell, or Heller...
9.23.2005 9:17pm
jallgor (mail):
Where to start? I really wanted to make two points that i didn't think were too controversial:
First, I was curious about the legitimacy of the confrontation to begin with. I wondered whether the police might have some right to ask for that lcense number back especially after clearly establishing that they were the police. Eugene answered that question and I except his answer.
Second, I just wanted to note that once the confrontation took place, how violent or erratic the protestors were acting is not clear from the report. You can't really judge unless your there. I have read a number of police reports in my day including one that conveyed the details of a homicide scene and believe me, no matter how dramatic the scenario, they were all dry as dirt. I just wanted to make that point.
For the record, I think it was wierd that the police were there taking pictures to begin with and I am fully ready to believe that the protestors were perfectly calm and reasonable and that the cops were just being bullies.
It's certainly happened to me.
9.23.2005 10:48pm
jallgor (mail):
Oh, and to respond to the arguments that the cops were surveilling them so turn about is fair play. Maybe so, but there are many instances in the law (FOIA for example) were police and government officials are given greater privacy than ordinary citzens because they are considered to be at greater risk from retaliatory harm. That may be wrong but it exists.
9.23.2005 10:54pm
Andy Treese:
I'm a cop in that area - I work in Dekalb County but not for them. Without commenting on whether or not the officers acted appropriately, I'd point out that an arrest for disorderly conduct is normally made on the county ordinance charge instead of the state statute. Just for your perusal:

Dekalb Ordinance 16-58 provides:
Sec. 16-58. Disorderly conduct.
(a) It shall be unlawful for any person to act in a loud and boisterous, reckless, unruly or violent manner for the purpose of insulting, degrading, or inciting another or a group of individuals in a public place.
(b) It is not the intent of this section to restrict any individual's right to free speech.
(Ord. No. 90-32, § 1, 8-14-90)
9.24.2005 1:27am
Allan:
Wow--considering that the ACLU of Georgia is defending the protestors, the silence from the "anything -CLU is probably a leftist, transnational, pseudo-communist, anti-orthodox organization, which means it is opposed to American patriotic organizations like the US Military, among other things" crowd (hi, Sidney!) is deafening. :-)
9.24.2005 2:21am
PersonFromPorlock:
Allan: even a stopped clock is right twice a day - except in the military. ;^)
9.24.2005 6:54am
Joachim (mail):
I live in Cobb County, Ga (also in the Metro Atlanta area). I heard recently that Georgia issues special untraceable tags for people who have high risk jobs such as police officers for their personal vehicles or in some cases government issued vehicles. There was a local dust up over the fact some people were issued these tags who did not meet the statuory requirements for them in state and local governement.

If the vehicle is a government vehicle it will normally have a tag that will identify the vehicle as belonging to some (local or state) government agency, local county, municipality, or state government. Unless the vehicle had a normal tag because it was being used for undercover work, it had a special tag on it identifying as government owned. Police cars in Georgia normally have this type of special tag on them. If these dectectives were using a police car (with this special tag) they were not really undercover and anyone could get the tag number and find out who using the vehicle.

Being a legal layman, I would not be surprised if there are some federal civil rights charges that could be pursued against these detectives.
9.24.2005 3:13pm
Hattio (mail):
First off,
You guys are all missing the most hilarious quote of all in the officers report. "Freeman (one of the protestors) attempted to pull his arm from Gorman (cop) in a threatening manner." The nerve of those folks. To think they have Fourth Amendment rights against search and seizure.

Jailgor,
Your civil rights don't depend on you being perfectly calm and reasonable. Even real criminals have civil rights. Why are you willing to hold citizens to a standard of being "perfectly calm and reasonable" in order find what they were doing is okay. First they had someone taking info down in a suspicious manner, and then they're Fourth Amendment rights are violated once (illegal stop) and attempted to be violated again (asking for their property, the paper) and finally violated again (there's no way handcuffing somebody qualifies as a Terry Stop).
In your view, when do people have the right to stop being "perfectly calm and reasonable," to authorities acting like jack-booted thugs?
9.24.2005 10:40pm
eng:
civil-liberties union will lose. their case will fall on the inclusion of the phrase "protesting the cruelty to animals"--notice that the officer used the phrase 'the.'

moreover, that the officers demanded something is irrelevant. Officers demand things all the time; it just isn't the same ordering, and the law is pretty consistent, it's your fault for not asking the officer to distinguish orders from requests.

when police officers are pushing the limits, pushing you, the only safe course of action is silence. You give your name. If you know of know of no crime or you reasonably view yourself as the target, you just ignore further questions. If the officer asks you for the piece of paper, you just sit there. You don't argue. You don't refuse. You just do not act. If you're uncertain you ask if the officer is ordering you. If he says yes, you capitulate and then sue. If he refuses to say yes or no. You very calmly and quietly repeat the question in response to every request. If he says no, you ignore him. It's pretty simple.

They on the other hand did precisely the wrong things, and in so doing opened themselves to what is frankly clear danger under the law.
9.25.2005 12:07am
eng:
Hattio,

You never have a right not to be calm in public. Almost anywhere not doing so _will_ qualify you for disorderly conduct charge.

People whether or not they are officers have a right not endure boisterousness in public--the First amendment is not grounds for being excused from laws regulating civility.
9.25.2005 12:14am
Crane (mail):
eng - So, in the face of direct personal harassment, we have the right to remain silent and nothing else?

And your suggestion for how to deal with a cop pushing the limits sounds like it would be very frustrating for the cop. If you have a cop who really disregards the law, he might decide to take you into custody and beat what he wants out of you.
9.25.2005 4:27pm
AngelFactor:
Often such criminals are charged with "The Trilogy": Disorderly Conduct, Resisting Arrest, and Assault on A Police Officer. The charges are usually dropped in exchange for an agreement not to pursue civil charges against the police. Of course, the true criminals-the police-go right out and harass someone else. Happens not just once a day, but several times a day.
9.25.2005 5:30pm
eng:
Yes precisely, but in fact the people are guilty of doing those things. It happens that in the circumstances we understand their instranigence but the law does not.

Crane:
In the face of harassment by a police officer, there is little you may legally do at the time of harassment. Anything but the silent approach is likely to actually run you afoul of the law--which is structured to protect police officers + presumes their integrity. When faced with harassment by the police, the best approach is avoid any basis on which you might be arrested and convicted, collect documentation, and sue.

But if you don't do step one (protect yourself from easy accusations) you'll be in the position that Angelfactor describes... namely that you're forced to trade-in your just complaint to escape prosecution for a crime that you did in fact commit even if you actions are arguably justified.

Energy should be focused on defanging the law, not on a case-by-case censoring of police officers.

Also, I agree that the silent approach can anger police officers but psychology suggests that it actually extremely effective because it deprives them of a stream of pretexts in which to respond and overcome their own moral hesitancies.
9.25.2005 6:16pm
hey (mail):
umm yeah how is any of this unsurprising, or shocking? as always, you use "yes, officer" and "no, officer" when dealing with the police. See the chris rock skit "how not to get shot by the police".

I'm also interested in what definition of boisterous doesn't involve violent or threastening behaviour. It's also unsurprising that boisterous appears to be a term of art under the applicable law.

Everyone needs to calm down, as this is standard police conduct and not all objectionable.
9.25.2005 11:48pm