The Volokh Conspiracy

The Psychology of Beliefs About the Hezbollah War.--

There are several highly interesting long posts on the psychological makeup of those who interpret the Hezbollah War (and the world) in irrational terms.

Perhaps the most interesting is at ShrinkWrapped, which I would recommend reading in its entirety.

But Richard Landes also has some good insights, though his tone deteriorates somewhat as he gets worked up over the abusive nonsense he is fisking. Landes's analysis is "The 'Left' Takes on the Qana Affair: Fisking the Daily Kos". What is stunning is that the Kos diarist Smintheus seems to trust the motives of Hezbollah more than he does those of conservative bloggers. Although he doesn't say so flatly, he seems to me to find it hard to believe that in the midst of such a tragedy as Qana, Hezbollah could be so callous as to stage photos of the bodies of the dead children pulled from the rubble.

This brings to mind the last great supposed Israeli massacre, Jenin, where a gullible world press falsely reported hundreds of Palestinians massacred, when even Fatah ended up claiming that there were 56 deaths, compared to the 23 lost by the Israelis at Jenin (apparently, it was a battle, not a massacre). Mark Steyn recalls a failed attempt to stage one of the deaths there:

Anxious to lend the west’s agitated humanitarians a helping hand, a group of Palestinians in Jenin held a funeral a week ago for one of their massacred compatriots and invited a cameraman along. The deceased, covered in a shroud, was being borne on a stretcher to his final resting place when, alas, his bearers stumbled and the body fell to the ground. The “corpse” picked himself up, dusted himself off and climbed back on the stretcher to start all over again. Unfortunately, the clumsy pallbearers managed to drop him a second time. At this point, the crowd, who apparently weren’t in on the scheme, fled in terror. The stiff, meanwhile, had had enough of his bungling bearers and flounced off in a huff.

Because I am traveling on Saturday, I will turn on comments for only 11 hours.

Erasmussimo:
This is puerile crap. Dismissing those you disagree with as emotionally or intellectually deficient is cheap and silly. Yes, there are idiots on the left -- and there are idiots on the right, too. There are some frighteningly vicious people on both sides, too. We could get into all sorts of silly arguments about the relative educational levels of Democrats and Republicans, the moral qualities of both sides, and the pyschological factors that affect one's political views. This is not proper political discussion -- it is childish mudslinging. The only valid subject for political discussion is politics, not the supposed flaws of people with whom you disagree. If you wish to make a point about some point of policy, fine, do so. Present your evidence and your reasoning. Taking pot shots at those you disagree with is childish and beneath the dignity of any serious thinker.
8.4.2006 9:54pm
stealthlawprof (mail) (www):
I believe it has been quite a while (nearly 2,000 years) since anyone has been raising the dead in that area, so this is a rather impressive feat.

If these people can do this consistently, we may have to pay more attention to David Bernstein's direct translation of Hezbollah's name.
8.4.2006 10:25pm
RainerK:
I agree with Jim Lindgren, it is worth reading the ShrinkWrapped piece in its enirety. It is really kind of comical.

Accusing "liberals" of schizophrenia in a schizophrenic way. Priceless. That shrink needs a shrink.
8.4.2006 11:20pm
DiversityHire:
The only valid subject for political discussion is politics, not the supposed flaws of people with whom you disagree.

I dunno, beneath all that fascinating political discussion is some psychology and epistemology that's guaranteed to be more interesting than the politics above when the politics are irrational, self-contradictory, and at odds with reality.
8.4.2006 11:24pm
Erasmussimo:
DiversityHire, I agree that in fact most people's political beliefs are founded on irrational factors, not strict logic. It is frightening to realize that humanity is managing 21st century technology with Pliestocene brains. Investigating these issues non-judgmentally is a worthwhile endeavor. But trying to discredit those you disagree with by questioning their psychological or intellectual fitness is not acceptable behavior in my book.
8.4.2006 11:35pm
DiversityHire:
A non-judgmental investigation doesn't seem to serve much purpose. You want to know if someone's bizzare beliefs are irrational, you investigate, and decide "yup, that's nuts."
8.4.2006 11:49pm
Erasmussimo:
No, I'm referring to some of the more serious efforts to understand what underlies people's political beliefs. For example, a noted linguist in Berkeley came up with an interesting hypothesis: that people think of politics in terms of familial dynamics and conservatives lean towards a paternal philosophy while liberals lean toward a maternal philosophy. In this hypothesis, conservatives think in terms of government managing its citizens, while liberals think of government as nurturing its citizens. This is a very brief synopsis of a much more elaborate hypothesis, and of course it is only a hypothesis, but it's certainly interesting and does not cast aspersions on either side.
8.5.2006 12:19am
Laura (mail):

Dismissing those you disagree with as emotionally or intellectually deficient is cheap and silly.
...
If you wish to make a point about some point of policy, fine, do so. Present your evidence and your reasoning.



Well, sure. But do you think this approach would really work with someone, say, who feels certain that the US government was behind 9/11? What sort of logic or evidence would persuade such a person?

For another example, think of all the vast evidence we have of the Holocaust. The Nazis were meticulous record keepers, for one, and then there're thousands of eye witnesses, not only the victims and the perpetraters, but the soldiers from several different countries who liberated the camps and saw everything.

Yet, there are still loads of Holocaust deniers out there, including whole countries of them in the Middle East. It can't be that all these folks just haven't seen that last bit of evidence that will finally persuade them; if all the films, documents, and eye witnesses weren't enough, nothing possibly could be.

I think the point that Lindgrin is making is that people who are deeply, emotionally invested in an idea may strongly resist all "evidence and reasoning." At that point, what? You're no longer having a political discussion; you've moved into the psycological. A person who insists that George Bush engineered 9/11 just isn't rational, and pretending that he is and trying to engage him intelligently is just silly.
8.5.2006 12:30am
Blar (mail) (www):
Wow, reading those posts is depressing. Vile, vile, vile. The Landes post commits pretty much every sin that he accuses the Kossack of, and the Smintheus nonsense is much much worse. What is all this "trusting Hezbollah" nonsense? You don't have to trust Hezbollah to believe that they didn't orchestrate a photo shoot of corpses for an incredibly foolish (or willing???) press. You don't have to trust GWB to believe that he wasn't behind the 9/11 attacks. Et cetera. Et cetera. And the claims that people who criticize Israel are gleeful about it? Despicable and infuriating.

Makes me want to leave the blogosphere. Or if this number is correct - "More than a third of the American public suspects that federal officials assisted in the 9/11 terrorist attacks or took no action to stop them so the United States" - and these ones are also correct - 22% of Americans believe that "Saddam Hussein helped plan and support the hijackers who attacked the U.S. on September 11, 2001" - then maybe I should just head down to Mexico. Is it really true that less than half of the country rejects both of those "theories"? And that second poll number is down, significantly, over the past few years - it was in the 70s through 2003 (at least in a different poll).

I would like to talk to some of those people who believe that both Saddam Hussein and the US government are behind the 9/11 attacks. Or those who used to think one and now think the other. And it shouldn't be too hard - at least one out of every 12 Americans is in one of those groups, if we trust the polls (and that's leaving out the 9/13/01 numbers). Now that is depressing. But thinking about it somehow makes me less depressed. So I'll go back over this comment I'm writing, clean up the language (can't have any references to bodily functions!), and post it.

Looking back over those posts there are a few other nice depressing bits that actually make me less depressed. There's this cute little observation: "The modern world ... is well on the way to repudiating traditional welfare state liberalism." And this is a rather charming bit of rhetoric (mocking liberal thinking): "Evidence for global warming? No problem. Evidence for global jihad warming? What are you talking about?" And on a second reading, those little things like the abrupt shift from criticizing the left for being so confident that they know what is going on in Lebanon to criticizing them based on the assumption that you know exactly what is happening in Lebanon is pretty amusing. (Check it out - it's right where the two Rightie posts come together, with ShrinkWrapped quoting Landes). Maybe laughter is the best medicine.
8.5.2006 12:44am
Erasmussimo:
I agree; indeed, there are a great many more global warming deniers and evolution deniers than Holocaust deniers. It's obvious that these people are not engaging their logical faculties in coming to their beliefs. Yet I refuse to dismiss them as idiots or psychic cripples or anything like that. I realize that all the logic in the world won't convince them, and that bothers me; I still don't understand how people can hold onto such beliefs. But I refuse to resolve my own confusion by dismissing these people as inferior or flawed. I'll keep on trying to understand their thought processes, and I will treat them with respect.
8.5.2006 12:46am
Erasmussimo:
Clarification: in my previous post, I was agreeing with Laura's comment, not Blar's, who posted while I was still writing.
8.5.2006 12:49am
James Lindgren (mail):
Gee, I didn't say that all or most of the people with whom I or others disagree have psychotic tendencies. I said that an analysis that I presume was done by a shrink captured some of the incredible irrationality of some of the stranger ideas on the left--such as that the Bush administration was complicit in 9/11.

One reason people believe such nonsense is that they are exposed to political propaganda, such as Michael Moore's 9/11. Even those on the right who believe that the Clinton administration covered up the Middle Eastern connection to the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing don't believe that the Clinton administration actually planned it. Rather, they believe at most that the FBI had prior warning and tried to stop it, but something went awry.
8.5.2006 12:52am
Erasmussimo:
The post you linked to was a bit more broad-brush in its treatment of liberals; you would have done well to express any differences with it in your original post. While I heartily agree with the notion that there are some serious nut cases on the left (as well as on the right), trying to smear large groups of people with the actions of the nut cases is intellectually dishonest. The vast majority of liberals whom I know reject out of hand the idea that Mr. Bush had anything to do with the 9/11 attacks.
8.5.2006 1:06am
James Lindgren (mail):
The vast majority of liberals whom I know reject out of hand the idea that Mr. Bush had anything to do with the 9/11 attacks.

Of course.

BTW, I just looked at 2000 General Social Survey data and less than half of both Democrats and Republicans believe in evolution, an issue raised in the comments.

Quite depressing!

Republicans are slightly but significantly less likely than non-Republicans to believe in evolution, while Democrats do not differ from non-Democrats in their disbelief in evolution.
8.5.2006 1:13am
DiversityHire:
No, I'm referring to some of the more serious efforts...

OK, Erasmussimo. I was talking about the obvious nuts, not level-headed psycho-political theorizing. ShrinkWrapped and his subjects aren't being too level-headed; which makes them more interesting, just not for the reasons they think :)

Can we extend the mommy/daddy metaphor?
paternal->conservative
maternal->liberal
I'm guessing fraternal->libertarian
So,
sororal-> ???
senile avuncular -> pat buchaninism ??
8.5.2006 1:24am
BGates (mail) (www):
Taking pot shots at those you disagree with is childish and beneath the dignity of any serious thinker.
...8 sentences earlier...
This is puerile crap.
8.5.2006 5:18am
jvarisco (www):
I'm not sure that Jenin is the same - as I recall, there the Israelis prevented the UN team from investigating. While it does appear that no massacre occurred, it seemed pretty damning at the time not to allow in the UN team unless there was something (e.g. lots of bodies) to hide.
8.5.2006 8:12am