The Volokh Conspiracy

Burning Forests to Make Biodiesel:

Yesterday's Wall Street Journal reported (link for subscribers) on how the boom in biodiesel and other renewable fuel sources is having unintended environmental consequences around the world. On the island of Borneo, for example, Indonesians are setting forest fires to clear land for palm oil plantations (palm oil can be used to make biodiesel). The result is a "thick haze" that envelopes neighboring communities, contributing to some of the same environmental problems biodiesel is supposed to solve.

The bluish smoke is at times so dense that it leaves the city dark and gloomy even at midday. The haze has sometimes closed Pontianak's airport and prompted local volunteers to distribute face-masks on city streets. From July through mid-October, Indonesian health officials reported 28,762 smog-related cases of respiratory illness across the country.
Other nations are clearing forests to make way for energy-producing crops as well, with consequent impacts on water and wildlife.

The biodiesel boom is part of a larger rush of investment into "alternative" energy sources. Many investors believe that the push for stringent measures to address air quality and climate change will signficiantly expand the market for alternative fuels and investing accordingly. Yet these investments are largely driven by expectations of what new environmental policies will require, rather than which energy sources represent a genuine environmental improvement. All energy sources have potentially negative environmental impacts, and not every "alternative" to carbon-based fuels represents an environmental improvement.

FantasiaWHT:
Of all the problems razing forests to plant biodeisel crops create, the temporary smog from the burning would seem to be among the least of them.
12.6.2006 7:59am
Jake (Guest):
It's only a matter of time before we see protest marches against the excesses of Big Biodiesel.
12.6.2006 9:18am
Bruce Hayden (mail) (www):
The first thing I thought of was that burning forests for biodiesel would increase CO2 levels and thus presumably increase global warming. But then I realized that it may have just the opposite effect, since the soot in the air shold act to lower temperatures. If this is correct, then the obvious solution to global warming would be to burn all of our forests and replace as much oil as possible with the resulting biodiesel. If we can create a thick enough cloud of soot, we may even be able to reverse the previous global warming that we have experienced. Yes, the new ice may be dirty brown, but nevertheless, it will be ice.
12.6.2006 10:15am
kelvin mccabe (mail):
Or you can do as Willie Nelson has done -- - produce bio-fuel from Hemp! You dont need to cut down existing forests, the stuff grows almost everywhere. Except for its ridiculous illegality (some 50 odd countries allow hemp agriculture, and you can import hemp products into this country; just can't grow it here) it could be something to think about. (Cue pot/hippy jokes now)
12.6.2006 11:30am
Jay Myers:
Thermal depolymerization allows organic waste materials to be turned into light crude oil. If you're a Democrat, we can use it to solve global overpopulation by rounding up people to use as raw material. If you're a Republican, we'll use poor people. If you're from California, we'll use fetal stem cells. Everybody's happy!
12.6.2006 12:17pm
Harry Eagar (mail):
Burning down intact native forest is a bad idea.

A study in Hawaii, reported in the Nov. 24 Pacific Business News, suggested palm oil to biodiesel for 50K acres of eucalyptus forest that is being logged off. The eucalyptus replaced native forest long ago.

However, Stephanie Whalen, head of the Hawaii Agriculture Research Center, is quoted as saying any crop grown for biodiesel needs to yield more than just biodiesel. "A farmer needs to make money and energy crops alone aren't a high-value crop,' she told PBN.
12.6.2006 12:24pm
JonBuck (mail):
How about re-using the emissions from coal and natural gas powerplants? No need to cut down forest for biodiesel crops (algae yields about 100 times more oil than soybeans). Net reduction in CO2 emissions.
12.6.2006 1:53pm
John M. Perkins (mail):
Biodiesel is people!
12.6.2006 3:34pm
Jack S. (mail) (www):
Before looking abroad to try and find people making a quick buck on the environmentalist trend maybe the WSJ would be better off taking a look at the deforestation that occurs in the US for various other commercial interests.

Your posts have a disturbing trend in that you cite only to negative aspects of alternative fuels without ever really discussing possible benefits, or solutions to the problem stated. You're completely free to do so, however it smells of bias. Also, biodiesel and ethanol and just about any fuel other than hydrogen fuel cells are "carbon-based" fuels.
12.6.2006 6:03pm
Harry Eagar (mail):
Hydrogen is also carbon-based, in the sense that just about any likely feedstock is going to have carbon in it.
12.6.2006 10:12pm
Josh Jasper:
They've been burning plam oil fields and other crop fields as a way to clear brush in Indonesia for DECADES. So of course, the WSJ decides to blame it on the environmental movement and so of course you decide to propogate the idiocy.

I wish you had to live in the LA of about 20 or 25 years ago and breath NOTHING other than that stink laden smog for the rest of your (now shorter) life.
12.7.2006 9:19am
Harry Eagar (mail):
The establishment of palm oil plantations in Southeast Asia and Africa is one of the unheralded triumphs of economic development that really helped poor people since World War II.

Most tropical people had diets deficient in fats, and palm oil has improved the health of millions and millions.

At a cost of mowing down more or less intact forests that become more valuable as they become scarcer. That said, the fact that palm oil has been raised as a food crop does not, in itself, negate a statement that additional acreage is being planted because of demand for fuel. Palm oil for food has been in oversupply for decades, so if total acreage is expanding, it might well be because of demand for diesel. (I don't say it is; I don't know, but it could be.)
12.7.2006 5:33pm