Sarcasm Is Not an Argument:
In the comment thread about Judge Sarokin's post on the Padilla case, commenter "Carl Levin" (most definitely not this Carl Levin) tries to use sarcasm to express the view that the people who think Padilla has been treated poorly are ignoring how dangerous he is. I think Levin's comments illustrate a lesson: sarcasm may be fun for its author, but it tends to be a really poor means of persuading someone who does not already agree with you.
The problem with sarcasm is that it pokes fun at the other side without actually making an argument. If you happen to agree with the speaker's view already, this can be pretty entertaining: you don't need an argument, so you enjoy the affirmation of how smart you are and how dumb the other guy is. But what if you don't already agree? Well, in that case sarcasm doesn't tell you very much except about the nastiness of the speaker. The sarcastic comment rather suspiciously avoids addressing the merits, and is more likely to turn off the undecided than persuade them.
Let's take a look at Levin's argument, which I have cut and pasted from his comments (not in their entirety, but close). Recall that Judge Sarokin's post expressed concern with the way that Padilla has been treated. Levin responds:
But imagine that you're undecided of what you think of the Padilla situation. On one hand, you figure Padilla is probably pretty dangerous; on the other hand, you might want some proof of that beyond the President's say-so. In that case, how persuasive is Levin's string of comments? Not very, I would think. The comments poke fun and make the other side look silly, but they don't actually address the debate. My guess is that for a typical undecided reader, sarcasm like that is probably more likely to push them to the other position rather than bring them aboard your own.
The problem with sarcasm is that it pokes fun at the other side without actually making an argument. If you happen to agree with the speaker's view already, this can be pretty entertaining: you don't need an argument, so you enjoy the affirmation of how smart you are and how dumb the other guy is. But what if you don't already agree? Well, in that case sarcasm doesn't tell you very much except about the nastiness of the speaker. The sarcastic comment rather suspiciously avoids addressing the merits, and is more likely to turn off the undecided than persuade them.
Let's take a look at Levin's argument, which I have cut and pasted from his comments (not in their entirety, but close). Recall that Judge Sarokin's post expressed concern with the way that Padilla has been treated. Levin responds:
Boy am I glad to see that someone is finally becoming the voice of reason and shouting it from the rooftops. This guy Padilla, you know, he was just misunderstood. His character was defamed because people have been saying that he wanted to detonate a radiological bomb in a big city, and really, nobody has anything solid on him. We should let him go, and give him a job at Los Alamos.I think it's safe to assume that Levin's view is that Judge Sarokin is not fully recognizing the the threat that Padilla poses; Levin makes that argument by taking on the voice of one who thinks Padilla is not only not a threat at all, but actually "an incredible gift." The hope, I gather, is that we will see how obviously silly it would be to think that, and we will then associate that silliness with the position that Judge Sarokin actually took.
And what's really shameful about his trip to the dentist at taxpayer expense is that he had to wear shackles and goggles. When I go to the dentist at taxpayer expense, I wear loafers and occasionally carry a pair of bifocals, and even a guy who was planning to detonate a radiological device in a big city should be afforded the same kind of care. After all, he's in our custody and the least we can do is make him feel comfortable.
You know, really one of the nicest things in the world that people have ever discovered is how to take a few ounces of radiological waste and pack it on the outside of some conventional explosives and then plant it someplace in a big city, like right next to a fountain or a fire hydrant, or drop it from a small aircraft, detonate it, and force hundreds of thousands of people to evacuate while billions of dollars are spent to clean it up. Why, Padilla could have put one of those right outside the entrance to the NYSE or at the Mercantile Exchange in Chicago and it would have been an incredible gift to all of us. That's why Judge Sarokin is so correct about the abomination about him being "prejudged" as an "enemy combatant."
Yup, just like [critics of the Bush Administration] say. I agree completely. The charges are baseless and even the first charges couldn't be proved. Therefore we should let him go. I'll see you in my moon suit.
But imagine that you're undecided of what you think of the Padilla situation. On one hand, you figure Padilla is probably pretty dangerous; on the other hand, you might want some proof of that beyond the President's say-so. In that case, how persuasive is Levin's string of comments? Not very, I would think. The comments poke fun and make the other side look silly, but they don't actually address the debate. My guess is that for a typical undecided reader, sarcasm like that is probably more likely to push them to the other position rather than bring them aboard your own.
Oh, as if you know what you're talking about.
/sarcasm off
Completely missing the point. The issue isn't whether the charges are baseless or not, the issue is whether you accept the word of the executive branch that is holding him, or whether you require the executive branch to justify its detention of a US citizen seized on US soil before another branch of government, independent of the executive, i.e. the judiciary. I have no idea what Padilla did or didn't do or was or was not planning to do, but I find it astounding that so many people are willing to defend an executive branch prerogative to seize a US citizen on US soil and hold him in solitary confinement without trial or even charges, literally for years.
When used purely as a tool of ridicule, sarcasm is likely to evoke exactly the reaction he supposes. However, I think it can be an incisive rhetorical weapon when used properly. I've seen it effectively used to poke at internally contradictory or hypocritical positions that an adversary is espousing with a straight face.
I read a pithy quote about this once and wish I could remember the source ... something along the lines of reason being able to stand the test of ridicule but absurdity or pretension not.
The government spent plenty of time keeping Korematsu detained. Government consists of people. People as a rule don't like to admit they were wrong. The more serious the consequences of admitting one is wrong, the less likely one is to want to admit it. Mistakes get made, and people become invested in the original mistake, and spend their time trying to defend it or cover it up in some way. That's how the world works. Were they wrong on Padilla? Maybe, maybe not, I don't know, but on that issue I'm not going to just take the word of the people who have a vested interest in defending the original decision. There's a reason why habeas corpus is in the Constitution.
Did he even have a proposition other than "what the Administration is doing is bad"?
Sarokins was debating something? Hey, I missed that too.
As an undecided reader, I see sarcasm puncturing self-important judicial pomposity...say, is Sarokin a judge? Is referring to him as Judge in these contexts "arguing from authority"?
[OK Comments: Lev, what is your argument? I don't think I understand your point.]
One of my problems with X's post is that it reads more like a rant than the kind of thoughtful, analytic post you would expect from a former judge.
That's definitely fine for a first blog-post, but generally people (at least, of the conservative bent I prefer) like to read posts which are more dettached and useful.
I prefer to format posts with: problem, discussion, solution-proposal. Maybe one or two of these elements are missing on occasion, but in general, a post with a lot of complaints but little or no deeper discussion or suggestion of a solution is a bit annoying.
In this particular case, the bloggers likely audience is at least familiar with the general facts behind the post, so the main selling point would be analysis and/or suggestion.
I'm guessing/hoping JudgeX will provide more in-depth postings in the future.
So was the sarcasm the problem? Not particularly. But the comment was pretty lame for not addressing the issues which one could probably extrapolate from the original post.
His point is precisely about passion and his surprise at the general willingness of Americans to accept the detention of an American citizen on a virtually permanent basis without a trial or access to a lawyer.
I'm sure there are plenty of people (e.g., Carl) who think the Bush administration is on firm legal and moral ground. What I think Sarokin is getting at is this: a lot of people disagree with the Government, but they're not really as engaged or enraged as they should be. I think Sarokin is preaching to the choir, which explains his lack of analysis. He just wants the choir to sing a bit more loudly.
I think of Stewart and Colbert as using parody and satire, not sarcasm. Seems pretty different to me, as typically there is an argument in the former but not the latter.
The most famous sarcasm in literature is probably Marc Antony's funeral oration directed at the conspirators in Act III, Scene two of Shakespeare's Julius Caesar:
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears;
I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.
The evil that men do lives after them;
The good is oft interred with their bones;
So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus
Hath told you Caesar was ambitious:
If it were so, it was a grievous fault,
And grievously hath Caesar answer'd it.
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest--
For Brutus is an honourable man;
So are they all, all honourable men--
Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me:
But Brutus says he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honourable man.
He hath brought many captives home to Rome
Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill:
Did this in Caesar seem ambitious?
When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept:
Ambition should be made of sterner stuff:
Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honourable man.
You all did see that on the Lupercal
I thrice presented him a kingly crown,
Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition?
Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;
And, sure, he is an honourable man.
I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke,
But here I am to speak what I do know.
You all did love him once, not without cause:
What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him?
O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts,
And men have lost their reason. Bear with me;
My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar,
And I must pause till it come back to me.
So sometimes, sarcasm works--as it did in this case.
But yesterday the word of Caesar might
Have stood against the world; now lies he there.
And none so poor to do him reverence.
O masters, if I were disposed to stir
Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage,
I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong,
Who, you all know, are honourable men:
I will not do them wrong; I rather choose
To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you,
Than I will wrong such honourable men.
But here's a parchment with the seal of Caesar;
I found it in his closet, 'tis his will:
Let but the commons hear this testament--
Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read--
And they would go and kiss dead Caesar's wounds
And dip their napkins in his sacred blood,
Yea, beg a hair of him for memory,
And, dying, mention it within their wills,
Bequeathing it as a rich legacy
Unto their issue.
Fourth Citizen
We'll hear the will: read it, Mark Antony.
All
The will, the will! we will hear Caesar's will.
ANTONY
Have patience, gentle friends, I must not read it;
It is not meet you know how Caesar loved you.
You are not wood, you are not stones, but men;
And, being men, bearing the will of Caesar,
It will inflame you, it will make you mad:
'Tis good you know not that you are his heirs;
For, if you should, O, what would come of it!
Fourth Citizen
Read the will; we'll hear it, Antony;
You shall read us the will, Caesar's will.
ANTONY
Will you be patient? will you stay awhile?
I have o'ershot myself to tell you of it:
I fear I wrong the honourable men
Whose daggers have stabb'd Caesar; I do fear it.
Fourth Citizen
They were traitors: honourable men!
All
The will! the testament!
Second Citizen
They were villains, murderers: the will! read the will.
ANTONY
You will compel me, then, to read the will?
Then make a ring about the corpse of Caesar,
And let me show you him that made the will.
Shall I descend? and will you give me leave?
I agree sarcasm can be overused--but as Shakespeare demonstrated, it can also be quite effective.
So if you actually want to convince other people that you are right, rather than just alienate them and others who agree with them, you'd be well advised to use sarcasm very sparingly, if at all. If you are right, and they wrong, it is mean to belittle them for not having the better position; if you are wrong (and always remember that you may be!), you make yourself doubly an ass by advocating foolish things with such vitriol.
First of all sarcasm can be quite relevant when the other side has based their case on 'common sense', 'obvious facts' or other unjustified knee-jerk reactions. Sarcasm/Satire is useful in these situations as it makes the uncriticized assumption underlying the argument look silly forcing many people to rethink their commitment to it they wouldn't have done otherwise.
I think a good example here is the recent Californian proposition mandating that sex offenders be subject to lifetime GPS monitoring, can't live within a quite large distance from a school etc.. Now the problem with this sort of issue is that you can point out all you want that most sex offenders aren't strangers, this might discourage family members from turning the offenders in, it would unfairly force the offenders to locate exclusively in rural areas, remove the ties that prevent many people from reoffending, and so forth but it tends to have no effect. People just have this non-intellectual knee-jerk response that 'off course we ought to punish sex offenders more and do everything we can to know where these dangerous predators are.' The strong instinct to keep track of people/things that our threats to our children combined with the deeply ingrained stereotype of the sexual predator as someone who lures *strange* kids into his power is just too strong for the argument to penetrate.
However, add just a bit of sarcasm, "Great Idea. Let's create roving bands of homeless pedophiles without anything to lose. I'm sure that will make our kids safe," and you force them to actually consider both sides of the issues and really engage the intellectual arguments.
I mean I think this is what was going on in a modest proposal as well. There were certain default/assumed social attitudes which people just wouldn't question about what was a moral way to treat the poor/unfortunate. By sarcastically representing them in a way that seems as obviously wrong as the way the other position seemed obviously right you smash through the barrier people have to considering the other position.
Another type of situation where sarcasm can be useful is when the discussion is being burdened by an unfair seriousness/sobriety. For instance suppose you believe that the harm to people's liberty/enjoyment from banning assault rifles (infrequently useful for self-defense) outweighs the loss of life caused by assault rifles. When the other side makes a great deal of very somberly and seriously talking about all the children who have died and giving emotional testimony how this one time a gun law would have saved little johnny people won't really give your statistical arguments/liberty concerns serious weight. However, if you remove the moral/common sense authority the other side has using sarcasm (so why don't we just ban kitchen knives too) you once again force people to give your side a chance.
Most of the time, persuasion doesn't work very well. But rabble rousing substitutes intensity for numbers. It works especially well when the guardians of public rhetoric -- i.e. the MSM -- instinctively side with you.
I agree, Parvenu. Sarcasm has a place in argument if it's tempered with solid logic and used sparingly. I would argue that even in our profession, a well delivered sarcastic remark can be a powerful coup de grĂ¢ce, so to speak, against a weak counter-argument. I think it's fair to say that Justice Scalia for example has written numerous opinions where his sarcasm seems to figuratively drip off the page. I guess timing is everything and knowing your audience is important as well.
For reasons probably having to do with evolution, it feels good (for males, at least) to make that taunt and it feels bad to be the target of it. That doesn't mean it has any actual argumentative force, however.
Exactly. But even if it were, I'm not sure it's less likely to persuade than calm, reasoned argument. I have seen few examples of people changing their minds on an politically-charged "soft" question (like Padilla's dangerousness) in response to argument.
It's quite dismaying the way that those on the left have championed Padilla. Let's not forget that this is someone who wanted to set off a nuclear bomb in a major city. Due process and prisoners' rights don't mean so much when you're looking at the remnants of city, and at millions of dead Americans.
I agree heartily. It says something very sad that they have attained such status. Part of it, to be sure, is that the MSM digs up an infinite supply of anti-Bush canon fodder for their grist mill, as it were. Part of it is the intellectual inadequacy of the coming generation.
As Dorothy Sayers said in a talk at Oxford in 1947:
That is nonsense. You have to put "in effect" in front of that sentence, because it's so utterly false.
The consensus on these two threads appears to be that, like it or not, the judge's post was defective due to a lack of argument. Pooh.
If we trouble to read the post, we see that it begins like this: "This is my first entry in to the world of blog, because I am astonished by the lack of outrage over the case of Jose Padilla ...." IOW, his own outrage is impelling him to start a blog.
Sarokan then goes on to give all the reason why an American *ought* to be outraged:
an American citizen who has been held in solitary confinement for 31/2 years, been deprived of the right to counsel for 21 months, all as a result of the unfettered discretion of the President in designating Mr Padilla as an "enemy combatant".
Why, exactly, should anyone have to have it *explained* to him what's wrong with that? As I believe Justice Scalia put it, the feds have 2 choices with someone they accuse of Padilla's crimes: charge him with treason, or let him go. They did neither.
Habeas corpus is not about "protecting terrorists." It is, as the judge explains in his last paragraph, a fundamental right because it's essential for distinguishing likely wrongdoers from those held by mistake or for arbitrary reasons. It's one of those cherished, hard-won rights that any "conservative" worthy of the name would die in the last ditch to defend.
Outrage may not be terribly persuasive (cf. excellent comments on sarcasm above), but it shouldn't be underestimated. We don't expect people to provide reasoned arguments why molesting children or defiling altars are the wrong thing to do; we're outraged by anyone who does those things, or defends them.
What the judge's post suggests, rightly I think, is that in the realm of constitutional law, habeas occupies something like the same position. It would be on any short list of fundamental human rights. "We hold this truth to be self-evident," you might say.
But Messrs. Stewart and Colbert don't have another shtick: Stewart looks down on Bush with disdain. Colbert pretends to be a supporter, and gets laughs by seeming clueless.
Why is that worth an hours a day, five days a week?
Orin's right-on with this one. But the prevalence of sarcasm indicates that we are now preaching only to the choir. There's no effort being made to persuade.
As an example the classic "If it saves only one (child's) life, it will be worth it." Sarcasm helps as does a long groan.
You say of sarcasm: "If you happen to agree with the speaker's view already, this can be pretty entertaining: you don't need an argument, so you enjoy the affirmation of how smart you are and how dumb the other guy is. But what if you don't already agree? Well, in that case sarcasm doesn't tell you very much except about the nastiness of the speaker."
You are describing the essence of Coulter's writing. If the reader agrees with her, he is gratified by the sharp edged way she makes her points with sarcasm. If he disagrees, all her rhetoric makes no sense to him, and seems to be mere nastiness.
However, she also often salts her columns with factual statements, tho the facts are usually couched in sarcastic form. It is these facts, IMO, that create the extraordinary power of her writing. The reader who disagrees with her point will hate- absolutely, furiously hate- the sarcasm. But in crafting a response (even if only in his own mind), he can't just condemn the sarcasm, he must inevitably also deal with the fact. The sarcasm is the bait; the fact is the hook buried within.
Her best columns are heavily sown with facts. The current one appears to be almost totally sarcastic blather but does contain one important factual statement.
She starts with:
"The "bipartisan" Iraq panel has recommended that Iran and Syria can help stabilize Iraq. You know, the way Germany and Russia helped stabilize Poland in '39.
Now that Democrats have won the House, they can concentrate on losing the war. ...."
... and continues with a page of unrelenting 9th grade snippiness about Democrats, MSM, waterboarding, and the appropriateness of interrogation techniques for Khalid Mohammed, but then she drops in one factual assertion:
"Khalid Sheikh Mohammed was the principal architect of the 9/11 attacks and is believed to have played a role in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, the Bali nightclub bombings, the filmed beheading of Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl, a thwarted 2002 attack on a bank tower in Los Angeles, and Operation Bojinka, a plot to blow up 11 commercial airliners simultaneously."
Any effectiveness this column might have comes from that sentence. IMO. I don't think this is one of her best columns, but her writing in general would be a rich source of material for a class in logic or persuavive writing.
In effect, the sarcastic arguer is imposing a social cost (his ridicule) on a certain position.
Now, if one firmly believes something, one should be willing to pay that cost, and ridicule from those who disagree shouldn't matter that much, but it does seem to have the "chilling effect."
Prof. Kerr, your understanding of the utility of sarcasm as a rhetorical device needs improvement.
Sarcasm done well is a rhetorical tool for exposing an internal inconsistency in an opponent's argument, often with an illustration of hypocrisy
Is it OK if I just take your word on the Coulter columns? Or do I actually have to read them?
I have stopped reading Maureen Dowd for the same reason. I can't take the conceit that everyone is stupid and pubescent, except for Maureen Dowd.
It's as if I were arguing the merits of Social Security reform with a Republican, and said, "oh, well, Republicans are brilliant and Democrats are all idiots, so you must be right." That's sarcasm, but it's not very good sarcasm, because the message is simply the opposite, that Republicans are idiots. Which isn't terribly persuasive.
Sarcasm should be a rapier, not a bludgeon.
He was, to put it mildly, not persuaded by the content.
When my children present a seemingly (to them) logical and rational position that is anything but, it cannot be responded to with logic and rational counterarguments. The best thing to do is cleanse the slate and start over.
I burst into a horselaugh. Full and from the belly. Then restart the discussion as if the absurdity recently expressed had never occurred. It's like hitting the reset button. It expresses "You can't be real" with warm tenderness.
My footnote: The vote was actually 5-4 (Rehnquist, Scalia, O'Connor, Kennedy, and Thomas in the majority; Stevens, Souter, Ginsberg, and Breyer in dissent). While a 5-4 decision authoritatively expresses the view of the Supreme Court on an issue, such a result can hardly be called "unaninimous."
Of course, Swift achieved this goal by selecting words to minimize the sarcastic tone which made it appear the writer actually believed what he wrote.
I don't think Levin managed to do that. (And if Levin has masked his sarcastic tone so as to convince people he meant what he wrote, likely people would respond with questions like: "How does saying the accused shouldn't wear blinders translate into we should let him carry bi-focals. Besides, if he owns bifocals and needs them, why shouldn't we deprive hin of his bifocals when he visits the dentist? Are we afraid he'll use them to assault the dental hygenist? These were probably not the questions Levin wished provoke.)
Well, how about the husbands, wives, daughters, and sons of the 3,000 protected persons killed at the WTC? Or how the thousands of others killed around the world from here to Bali and back over the past years?
Judge Sorokin and his ilk are a perfect example of why our courts are simply not up to the challenge of the GWOT. They may be effective at settling marital dissolutions and small claims lawsuits. But as Moussaoui and that terror-enabling NY lawyer's cases prove, their woefully unable to deal with Islamofascism.
Now, if only we had some sort of legal process for distinguishing the one from the other ... any suggestions? Or should we just leave it up to the President? It's not like he's been wrong before.
What was it...6 of Moussaoui's jurors took into account his "difficult childhood" when deciding on his sentence? How is justice (or civil rights) served by baloney like that? Is that what we should tell the victim's relatives when Moussaoui or someone like him sets off a nuke in Seattle? "He had a troubled childhood......"
Welcome to the vicissitudes of trial by jury. You have a better system? Send it to your Congresscritter.
And please recall that very little evidence tied Moussaoui to the 9/11 attacks; the perpetrators thought, not unreasonably, that he was too much a nutjob. Permit me to doubt that, had Moussaoui nuked Seattle, the jury would've spent much time on his troubled childhood.
(If he took out my ex-girlfriend in nuking Seattle, *I* might think that was a mitigating circumstance, but voir dire would probably keep me off the jury.)
Well said. We are facing an ememy more dangerous and certainkly more insidious than any that we have faced before. To think that the old rules apply is the worst sort of naivete. In the real world -- as opposed to that happy utopia that exists only in the heads of leftists -- there are compromises. Is there a sacrifice of rights in a case like this? Sure. Is it infinitely preferable to the sacrifice of thousands of American lives? Obviously. Why so many can't see this is beyond me. Some of you need to try watching "24" sometime.
In a discussion about sarcasm, I have to assume this is a put on. If so, it's the most effective sarcasm-like comment in the thread.
For all the discussion about the "danger" of Padilla, including nuclear destruction of cities, it might help to remember that he hasn't been charged with that.
DougJ is famous for his peerless impersonations. Which didn't stop me from missing that he was the "In effect" commenter whom I went off on. Curse you, DougJ!
It is a bit disingenuous to argue as some do here that he is a USA citizen picked up on USA soil as though that was the start of his traitorous enemy activity. He was re-entering the USA from a battlefield location of a foreign enemy. I don't see the difference between that and picking him up on the actual foreign battlefield. Its just a matter timing and nothing more substantive than that.
If the executive need not explain anything to the judiciary about picking up a citizen on a foreign battlefield, then he has nothing to explain about picking up a citizen returning from a foreign battlefield at the airport upon landing inside the country.
Maybe this case is easy for me because I think the President has authority to pickup citizen spies/traitors inside this country, who never left this country, and detain them for the duration of hostilities at a time of war.
We are at war people.
Says the "Dog"
Judge Sorokin's cri de coeur overlooks the strength of his opponent's case, which is this: Our American criminal process, which requires a very high standard of proof from the government, assumes that it is more harmful to punish the innocent than to acquit the quilty.
But any form of incapacitation is also punitive. Suppose the government has excellent reason to believe that an individual will cause very grave, very widespread harm, but it will be difficult to establish that, without compromising secret agents, as proof beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal trial (with the need to confront witnesses, avoid hearsay, avoid tainted evidence, etc.).
Let us presume that is the case with Padilla: the government has a very good reason to think that if it releases him, he will kill hundreds or thousands, but it will be tough to convict him and thereby incapacitate him through incarceration. (The Dirty Harry situation.)
Judge Sorokin fails to address this, and so his blog post is not a serious argument about the issue he raises. He should therefore reasonably be subject to ridicule. But from Prof. Kerr's post, it is evident that Carl Levin has failed in his sarcasm, because the sarcastic comment is the same thing that Judge Sorokin is doing (ignoring the opposing argument), but in reverse, and with more rudeness.
Sorry, I just don't buy that. There are plenty of ways to protect evidence in a criminal trial. The feds should have to at least make some kind of showing to the court.
Otherwise, we're left with unchecked power to detain citizens indefinitely, which no one should be willing to trust any executive with. America was founded on hardheaded, realistic skepticism about human nature and power. Where did that go?
Padilla was returning from a trip which took him to Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iraq. At that time (May 2002), only Afghanistan could plausibly be described as "an enemy battlefield location".
In any case, that travel list is utterly irrelevant to the "dirty bomb" accusation which was being discussed in this thread as if the government were actually charging him on that basis. It isn't.
Where can they learn proper understanding of logical reasoning and valid/invalid arguments. Certainly not in liberal arts, well at least not in the trivium, stretching the notion of arithmetic maybe in the quadrium.
First of all the liberal arts teaching of good argumentation tends to focus too much on classification of arguments into bins (ad hominem, ergo propter hoc...). These make you sound pretty smart but they are just a small fraction of the bad ways to argue.
In order to learn proper reasoning you need to start with a very well defined and formal setting. If you can't clearly distinguish who is right and who is wrong it is very hard to learn what is and isn't a valid argument. You need to start by reasoning by learning mathematics and how you can prove things where the obvious and unarguable standard makes it possible to correct common bad intuitions that would slide in a less clear cut discipline. Only once you can write up a formal proof about the integers does it make sense to try and transfer this knowledge to rhetoric with all the confusing emotional and rhetorical tactics to distract you.
This is why we should stop requiring calculus for our students at large (obviously not our engineering students) and instead make them take a proof based course in some basic area of mathematics (calculus is too complex to be good introductory material to proofs).
Forgive my skepticism please: this is a good idea in principle but given that mathematicians are notoriously liberal, I don't trust them not to inculcate the kids with left-wing ideas. I realize that no matter who teaches them at college, this is likely to happen, but those in the hard sciences have a particulalry bad repuation.
Forgive my skepticism please: this is a good idea in principle but given that mathematicians are notoriously liberal, I don't trust them not to inculcate the kids with left-wing ideas. I realize that no matter who teaches them at college, this is likely to happen, but those in the hard sciences have a particulalry bad repuation.
Forgive my ignorance please, but I don't get your argument. Liberal bias in math? I thought it would at least be possible to leave some things out of the political polarisation game.
Unless you refer to the fact that many people think one is discussing politics or religion with them when the problem is purely technical/mathematical. They get offended instead of trying to find the correct answer. If airplanes were made using ideology, you'd never find me inside of one.
Not in their research, but in their own personal politics. Something like 10 times as many tenured professors in math and physics gave money to Kerry as to Bush. Is that who should be instructing our children in the way of reason?
Further, I think it is fair to say that the whole slant of research in pure mathematics can be said to be liberal. It is logical, to be sure, but by working on problems with no forseesable application, as most do, they betray a contempt for the hard realities of the free market.
This argument is a perfect example of when one might use sarcasm to refute a conclusory statement masquerading as authoritative. A mathmetician or physicist might mockingly refute the inference that democratic political preferences show a lack of reason (there is a possibility that only mathmeticians and physicists would understand said rebuttal).
Someone might sarcastically ask just who exactly is subject to the hard realities of the free market. In making choices as to who receives governmental subsidies, professors in math and physics might rationally prefer that they receive those subsidies (as they might be more likely to do under Democrats). They might mock the statement that they work on problems with no foreseeable application by pointing to one of the many areas of research where such was originally thought to be the case, but has since become an extremely important part of modern life (electricity perhaps?).
Certainly parts of Pakistan are enemy battlefield locations in addition to Afghanistan. Egypt and Saudi Arabia certainly have enemy elements within them.
You keep missing the point worrying about what he was charged with or not charged with. He doesn't need to be charged with anything. He's an enemy combatant picked up immediately upon returning from an enemy battlefield location. He can be held without charges for the duration of the conflict to keep him from returning to the ranks of the enemy with whom we are at war.
Says the "Dog"
Well, that's what *I* thought, but it wouldn't have done for me to say so ... thanks!
Forgive my ignorance please, but I don't get your argument. Liberal bias in math?
Aieee! DougJ is *spoofing*, people. I failed to read his name &got spoofed myself, above. DougJ is beyond sarcasm, beyond irony, &in a Riemannian feat of ideological spin, has gone around the Right to the Left again. --I mean, if you can trust what the liberal mathematicians say.
First to understand how language can be abused -- See Richard Mitchell's Less than Words Can Say which can be found at Amazon, too.
Then consider Sister Miriam Joseph's Trivium.
Next, put Madsen Pirie's How to win every argument on your bookshelf.
In one of these discussions,one is never sure whether the quoted statement is itself sarcastic. I tend to be less subtle, myself. For example, I might say: When does this war ever end? When peace reigns on Earth, under the banner of Democracy?
Well, inscrutable, anyway. If we were all convinced today that Swift seriously advocated the cannibalism of Irish children, I'd say his rhetoric would have failed.
It used to be a rule of sorts on the Internet: do not use sarcasm; it is too often misunderstood.
I think it is much easier to use sarcasm effectively when the audience can see the person delivering the sarcasm. Written sarcasm is much more difficult. Recently I have noted people saying at the end of their messages something like sarcasm mode about to be turned off. These people seemed to me to be the least in need of saying anything of the sort since their sarcasm was so plain.
Seems unlikely, given their seemingly congenital inability to grasp the very idea of irony. I mean, when was the last time you saw irony in a Star Trek episode.
That is precisely the principle that the administration was afraid to submit to the Supreme Court for review, which is transparently why DOJ tried to moot the case. If this court confronted the question you pose, a clear majority -- likely led by Scalia -- would smack it down. And if DOJ now tries to reclassify Padilla as an enemy combatant, the court stands ready to act. Kennedy, Roberts and Stevens have made that clear.
Write your president and dare him to try. He runs from the courts like a fugitive.
You're just making this up.
While I don't share JaO's confidence in the size of the majority on the Supreme Court which would reject your argument, I am just as confident that the Administration would lose if it were made. So, apparently, were its lawyers.
In any case, you're still trying to change the subject. My original post commented on the descriptions in this thread of Padilla as "the dirty bomber". As I said above (twice now), he has NOT been charged as such.
Says the "Dog"
How about David Bernstein?
They both sound an awful lot like a bad imitation of Bill O'Reilly.
I already linked at the other Sarokin thread to what said court, the 4th Circuit, had to say after the feds indicted Padilla rather than subject their argument to SCOTUS review. Futures on the panel opinion went south on that day. And don't forget Scalia's notion of what you do with an alleged traitor: (1) charge him with treason, or (2) release him.
Speaking of sarcasm, is Junkyard Dog for real?
I thought *you* were JYLD, DougJ! But you're not ... so... [looks warily around room; gulps] ...
So you say. I think you're even more afraid that he's *not* real, and that you have met your match.
Well....you're right.
Orin may refer to the more specific sarcastic use of the ironic comment. Irony is "the use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning", to quote one definition.
When used in conversation and accompanied by context, facial expressions, and gestures, one can speak ironically and make oneself understood, often with good humor.
When used in written communication, irony is prone to misunderstanding. Readers have an amazingly diverse array of contexts when they read your words, and you may find yourself perplexed when you discover a reader wholeheartedly agreeing with the point you intended to lampoon. Irony is a poor tool for the writer intending to make themselves clearly understood.
My point in this specific case is that you have been taking off on Carla Levin for engaging in sarcasm against Sarokin, instead of engaging Sarokin's argument.
My point is that Sarokin had no argument. There was no argument to engage. There was no debating to debate. There was only an ex-judge, relying on his status as a former judge, making statements of dislike, unsupported by anything other than his personal opinion as a former judge.
Carla Levin's substanceless sarcasm was an exact reflection of Sarokin's substanceless post,
arguingstating "from authority."As a general matter, using only sarcasm in response to substantive argument makes the sarcasmist look rather stupid. However, as I said, the general case does not apply here. At worst, and at best, they both look substanceless and stupid, because they are.
A citizen on an enemy battlefield fighting USA forces is a traitor absolutely, he may also be shot without trial or warrant, he may be captured and detained without charges for the duration of the hostilities, and he may be charged as a traitor. I'm afraid your dicta quote from Scalia is shown not to accurate in all situations, and therefore a poor indicator of what the law actually might be.
Says the "Dog"
Isn't that the definition of a liberal judge issuing rulings about the constitution??
;)
Says the "Dog"
His bark is worse than his bite.
As stated, this is NOT true. Here's the sequence:
Padilla first brought his habeas petition in the Second Circuit. That Circuit ruled that he could not be held without charge. The Supreme Court reversed, but not on the merits. It held that the petition should have been brought in the Fourth Circuit.
Padilla then brought his petition there. The Fourth Circuit did hold that he could be held indefinitely without charge. However, when Padilla filed his cert petition, the Administration announced it would charge him, thus rendering the whole issue moot.
So the situation is this: the Second Circuit ruled in Padilla's favor, but that was the wrong court. The Fourth Circuit ruled against Padilla, but the Administration's own actions made that opinion moot.
Just to split hairs, the Supreme Court refused to render the Padilla case "moot," which is what DOJ moved to do. DOJ was even willing to vacate the Fourth Circuit's ruling to do so. (See this SCOTUSblog summary.)
SCOTUS simply declined to hear the case at this time because it is now, in Justice Kennedy's words, "hypothetical." He, Roberts and Stevens made it clear that the court to act swiftly to take up the matter again if it ever ceases to be hypothethical -- that is, by moving Padilla's status back to that of a military prisoner held as "enemy combatant."
So the Fourth Circuit's ruling is technically still on the books, but it can't be relied upon in practice. If the administration ever seeks to resurrect it, the issue finally will be litigated at One First Street NE. Bush and his lawyers are afraid to go there.
Tom Goldstein correctly called the unusual opinion (Kennedy/Roberts/Stevens) denying cert a "shot across the bow" of the administration. I see it is a rebuke delievered to the government with velvet gloves, following Judge Luttig's rebuke delivered with a mailed fist.
Shoot, this is harsh.
It seemed to me the judge wrote an introductory blog post in which he a) Told potential readers who he is b) and revealed his motivation for starting a blog.
He wasn't using his status to advance any argument or theory. Is he required to hide who he is, conceal his motive for blogging and just post well reasoned argument on something coming straight out of the shute?