The Volokh Conspiracy

Law Review Editors -- Don't Let This Happen to You:
In response to my blog post on my revised essay, How to Read A Judicial Opinion: A Guide For New Law Students, I received a nice e-mail from a recent law school graduate who wanted to thank me for posting it. At first things started off very pleasantly. "Thank you for making such a reference available," the young lawyer wrote. "[H]ow I wish I had known of such an essay prior to my first day of law school!" But then signs of a very dreadful disease -- formerlawrevieweditorosis -- began to appear.

  It began apologetically. "[E]ven after graduation," he wrote, "I cannot seem to turn off the admittedly anal-retentive law review editor part of my brain." Soon the disease was on full display: "I noticed the following and was almost involuntarily compelled to grab a pen," he wrote. "Please tell me the craziness will lessen with time." And then the edits followed:
* Page 2 - the heading of "Concurring and/or Dissenting Opinions" is followed by a bolded period while all other similar headings above are followed by a bolded colon.
* Page 4 - the heading of "Terms in Appellate Litigation" is followed by a colon that is not bolded.
* Page 5 - the heading of "3) Know the disposition" is followed by a period that is not bolded.
* Page 5 - the second paragraph under heading number 4), the third sentence would read better as ... opinions in your Civil Procedure casebook ... [as opposed to opinion].
* Page 5 - the second paragraph under heading number 4), the last sentence seems to be followed by two periods.
* Page 5 - the footnote beginning on this page (starting with "The phrase") is inconsistent with previous notes - the size of the number is larger, there is no space after the number, and (most importantly), it should be numbered as note 3 (since it follows note 2).
* Page 6 - the last paragraph under heading number 4), the second sentence includes the word "thin" that looks like it should be "think" instead.
* Page 6 - the heading of "5) Understand the significance of the majority opinion" is followed by a bolded colon while all other similar numbered headings are followed by a bolded period.
* Page 7 - the first sentence under the heading of "The Practical Reason" looks to have two spaces between "an" and "essential" rather than one.
  I'm happy to receive these edits, of course, as I'll benefit from them when the piece reappears in print. But I did want to make sure incoming journal editors are aware of the serious health risks of their new positions: Editors, don't let this happen to you! Are there any other former journal editors in the VC readership who can provide support, a cybershoulder to cry on, or any other advice on how to cure or handle this dreaded condition? Does it go away with time? Or is the condition permanent?
RAFIV (mail):
It does not go away. The involuntary convulsions that usually erupt when encountering either typos or especially poor grammar do subside. I, for example, only twitch. Ask my law partner. It drives him insane.

Any spelling or grammatical errors in this post are my own.
8.14.2007 1:35pm
John Burgess (mail) (www):
I've never edited a law journal, but I have edited and prepared for publication numerous other things. All of the corrections make for a consistent, final, printed product. As they say, neatness counts.

I note typographical errors in anything I read, from cereal boxes to novels to academic writings. It's hardwired.
8.14.2007 1:39pm
JohnO (mail):
It never goes away. The editor should shoot himself/herself now.

And I would like to thank Cass Sunstein, Larry Tribe, Richard Posner, and Bruce Ackerman for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this post.
8.14.2007 1:39pm
Shertaugh:
Orin:

I think your young audience on this blog (and in law school) should also be aware that when you spend every working day of your future life as a lawyer, and thinking as a lawyer should -- that is, parsing words, making arguments, and, especially for litigators, developing instincts that help you evaluate people's unspoken intentions, honesty, moods, and purposes -- it can be dangerous for your relationships with NON-LAWYERS.

I remember as a 1-L my crim-law prof (who authored the definitive law review article on Bell v. Hood and "constitutional torts," which was repeatedly cited by in each of the various opinions in Bivens) telling us that becoming a lawyer will change you and how you interact with non-attorneys. I didn't believe him then.

But now, 22 years later, he was spot on.
8.14.2007 1:41pm
anonVCfan:
The trick is to learn the skills without buying into the philosophy.

Being a law review editor teaches you valuable skills and helps you pay attention to details when appropriate. When you write as a clerk or an attorney, your work will be good, and when others ask you to read their work, you will be a good editor.

If you get an inflated sense of the importance of the work of a law review editor, however, the disease will follow you for the rest of your life. You're not Jason Bourne with a Bluebook, whose killing machine reflexes take over when triggered by the right stimulus. Going to singles bars and telling people that you can spot an improperly italicized comma from across the street won't do you any good, and you shouldn't want it to. Being a good editor doesn't make you "cool," and to revel in your nerdiness in a self-congratulatory way while in law school will only ensure that the disease never leaves your mind.

Prof. Kerr asked for substantive feedback, iirc, not nitpicky editing help. The Green Bag has its own editors, and the disease has taken at least a few minutes of this person's life that s/he will never get back.
8.14.2007 1:43pm
Tony Tutins (mail):
Once you have learned to distinguish a regular period from an italicized period, you can't just start pretending they're the same.
8.14.2007 1:43pm
anonVCfan:
"Once you have learned to distinguish a regular period from an italicized period, you can't just start pretending they're the same."

Yes, but you can stop pretending that the difference matters when it shows up in other people's work that no one's asked you to edit.

These things will even hurt you as a lawyer. Suppose you're litigating a case. You get the other side's motion and you have to respond. You have the beginnings of a good substantive rebuttal in your mind, but that involuntary impulse just won't go away, and you can't get to work until you've gone through your opponent's motion with a red pen and corrected his/her Bluebooking... The costs of the disease aren't limited to interactions with laypeople. The former law review editor disease is a combination of OCD, delusions of grandeur, and the pathological ____-measuring contest that much of the legal profession is. The worst part of the disease is that it causes these people not to want to be cured. You say you're sorry, but you're not. Deep down inside, you're giving yourself a pat on the back for correcting the typing of the great Orin Kerr, and being the first one to notice, because you're a highly-trained Bluebooking machine. The first step is to admit--honestly, to yourself--that you have a problem.
8.14.2007 1:51pm
PatHMV (mail) (www):
Shertaugh... for me, it was my contracts law prof. On the first day of class, he warned up about the importance of keeping law school and home very separate mental spaces. As he put it:

When you go home at the end of the day, and your significant other says "How was your day, dear?", the proper answer is NOT: "What exactly do you mean by 'day,' honey? By 'day' do you mean the most recent 24 hour period, or do you refer to the most recent interval during which the sun was shining?"

Those are fine answers, he said, if HE asked the question, but not if your boyfriend/girlfriend/spouse asked. When they ask, the proper answer is "just fine, dear."
8.14.2007 1:53pm
A.C.:
I would settle for getting people to stop making up rules that don't exist in order to unnerve others.

As for the basic problem, take a real document design class and learn how to play with fonts. It's useless for legal work, but it's so much fun that you'll stop caring about bolded periods and colons.
8.14.2007 1:59pm
fennel:
I'm on a Law Review now and I will never understand this disease. Just sad, really. Some of these people can't be helped.
8.14.2007 2:04pm
MikeC&F (mail):
I've edited lots of stuff, and can easily spot the errors in what others write. (If only I had the same eye when reading my own stuff!) It's a good great "disease" to have.

And it's not the compulsion some people have to point out the errors that is the problem. Your correspondent pointed out the errors with tact and more than a bit of self-deprecation. Right on.

It's the people who lack such discretion that are annoying. It's the people who seem to think that, because they have a legal education or work in the law, that they have this prestige. This, "I have the keys to the universe" attitude. These "keeper of the keys" then feel compelled to rattle these keys. That's when, of course, they are not counting someone else's keys.

For example, one commenter, above, couldn't merely say, "I got some good advice from a crim law prof." Instead, s/he had to show that his/her prof was worthy to give such advice. He was worthy, of course, because he authored an important law review article. (How one's authorship of law review articles is a proxy for the ability to give life advice is a mystery to me. But people who view legal accomplishments as a proxy for everything do not view this as mysterious.)

A homeless person might give me as good - or even better - advice than the crim prof who wrote the Great American Law Review Article. If I want to know about crim law, I'd talk to the crim prof. If I wanted to know about suffering or hard knocks, I'd talk to the homeless person.

It's the people who think that because they have legal knowledge and experience, they are somehow "different" from "non-lawyers" who are the warped ones.

Sure, it's difficult to have a detailed discussion of constitutional law with people lacking the formal education. Just as it's hard for doctors to discuss medical issues with lawyers.

But life is so much richer than the law. A legal education warps a person only when he forgets that.
8.14.2007 2:10pm
kd:
I've offered my editing services to restaurants after opening a menu filled with bad typos (e.g., "Two for one margaritas on Saturday's!" ARGH!!) And that was BEFORE law school! In other words, I think some people are naturally annoyed by the details and some people aren't, and that division does not necessarily track the division between lawyers and non-lawyers.

(I second the suggestion to take a page layout class; I did 19 hours of fun (and cheap!) graphic design coursework at a community college, just for kicks. It's much more fun to pull back and look at the visual balance of a document than the minute details. Being able to format a document in a visually pleasing way is also a pretty valuable skill--pretty documents get closer attention and more respect than those with mismatched fonts, line alignments, spacing, etc.)
8.14.2007 2:19pm
MikeC&F (mail):
When you go home at the end of the day, and your significant other says "How was your day, dear?", the proper answer is NOT: "What exactly do you mean by 'day,' honey? By 'day' do you mean the most recent 24 hour period, or do you refer to the most recent interval during which the sun was shining?"

Sorry, but people who need to be told this have some pretty deep issues. Here's my theory: People with low self-esteem enter law school. Once they have a law degree, they might not feel self-confident; but they feel they have something others don't. Thus, they start calling everyone "non-lawyers" and "lay people" - even to their faces. "Well, to a non-lawyer, this might not make sense."

Except in very limited circumstances, the world does not need to be divided into lawyers and non-lawyers. If you're at a bar, you're just a person - legal education or not. The person sitting next to you, likewise, is just a person. Act accordingly.

The trick is to learn the skills without buying into the philosophy.

This is exactly right. Being an editor is a great thing. Having a law degree is a great thing. Being a lawyer is a great thing.

Thinking that the above is all that matter in life is folly.
8.14.2007 2:20pm
MikeC&F (mail):
I've offered my editing services to restaurants after opening a menu filled with bad typos (e.g., "Two for one margaritas on Saturday's!" ARGH!!) And that was BEFORE law school! In other words, I think some people are naturally annoyed by the details and some people aren't, and that division does not necessarily track the division between lawyers and non-lawyers.

Again, spotting the errors isn't the problem. Indeed, that ability is a virtue. Feeling compelled to point out those errors is what might be problematic.
8.14.2007 2:23pm
Grange95 (mail):
As a former editor-in-chief, I think there is a significant difference between the ability to edit on a nitpicky basis, and the judgment as to when it is appropriate to do so. Good legal writing should clearly communicate its point without unduly disrupting the reader--does an extra space, missing period, or inconsistent use of colons in headers really prevent the author from communicating his position? The amount and quality of editing also needs to take into account the target audience--a brief to a state supreme court should be more thoroughly edited than a memo to the file. As a practical matter, a certain minimal level of competence is expected by judges; while a superior technical writing effort might be more effective, it is not a guarantee of prevailing, and in fact may hinder the lawyer from working on the substantive portions of the argument.

Elevating form over substance is usually a path to failure.
8.14.2007 2:29pm
Wallace:
The aforementioned two-for-one margaritas are the only known treatment for formerlawrevieweditorosis. Begin treatment the day after the bar exam and continue until your first assignment at the big firm.
8.14.2007 2:35pm
NaG (mail):
I was in public affairs for four years before going to law school, so an anal-retentive view of editing had already been hardwired into my brain. I frankly view it as a tremendous boon -- far preferable to the "OMG!!! u got to be kiddin me" text-messaging crap that passes for writing these days.
8.14.2007 2:43pm
NickM (mail) (www):
The anal-retentive affliction to compulsively examine documents for errors does not go away. However, working in a law firm does tend to beat out of you the inclination to do anything about it unless you can claim it as billable time.

Nick
8.14.2007 2:47pm
FantasiaWHT:

I was in public affairs for four years before going to law school, so an anal-retentive view of editing had already been hardwired into my brain. I frankly view it as a tremendous boon -- far preferable to the "OMG!!! u got to be kiddin me" text-messaging crap that passes for writing these days.


I feel compelled to edit that. The proper form is

OMG!!1 u gotta b kidn me ;)
8.14.2007 2:48pm
Former EIC:
Professor Kerr is right to warn about the dangers of formerlawrevieweditorosis. It is a serious condition, and it deserves prompt and thorough attention. A related malady is wheredidalltheothereditorsgo. This illness causes you to stagger around in a haze, wondering why your colleagues are doing something fun while you are proofing galleys.
8.14.2007 2:48pm
A.S.:
I concur with the above comments that this does not go away. But let me note two benefits. First, in your practice, you can usually spot a grammatical error or other typo in any document, thereby allowing you to "prove" to clients and other lawyers that you have actually read the document your timesheet claims you have read. Second, you can laugh about these things if you happen to marry, or are otherwise become involved with, another lawyer, or even a non-lawyer who is anal a stickler (in my case, a language teacher who is grammatically inclined). In contrast to kd, above, I do not offer to correct errors such a "Saturday's." Instead, my wife and I simply get a nice chuckle from pointing them out to each other.
8.14.2007 3:02pm
FantasiaWHT:
My best friend (a lawyer) was smart- he married an English teacher. They've made a fair amount of money proofreading documents between the two of them, hehe.
8.14.2007 3:09pm
Sasha Volokh (mail) (www):
Now that I'm an author, rather than editor, of law review articles, I'm much more cavalier about citation forms. Especially when I'm trying to cut down my word count!
8.14.2007 3:12pm
VanMorganJr. (mail):
My EIC career was way back in 1975-76 and I still have the Bluebook imprinted on my brain. Its not a style manual, its a disease.
8.14.2007 3:28pm
PatHMV (mail) (www):
If anybody needs revenge on these anal-retentive types, just send them to one of these sites, and wait for their heads to explode:

Apostrophe Abuse
lowercase L
Literally, A Web Log
and my favorite,
The "Blog" of "Unnecessary" Quotation Marks

(disclaimer: I didn't make law review... I don't think I harbor a grudge, but you never know)
8.14.2007 4:26pm
dantes:
The condition is permanent. At my previous firm, we had an associate with quite the knack for spotting minor blemishes. The associate quickly became known as "the long-snapper," i.e., the football center who snaps only for punts and field goals or, more generically, one who is called upon to perform but one narrow task because they perform it so well. Our briefs were always better for it. Moral of the story: Let long-snappers be long-snappers. They perform an valuable service, allowing mere mortals to focus on more mundane matters, like substance.

And for all the long-snappers out there, I know that you are dying to point out the erroneous "an."
8.14.2007 7:04pm
curious:
It hasn't gone away for me yet. Those who can't properly italicize see, e.g., are no longer my friends.
8.14.2007 7:21pm
e:
Attention to detail is a useful skill, but some people think that the rules they learned should be locked in time. Some norms should change. Norms will change. A bit of innovation and tolerance for alternative forms may eventually rid us of completely unnecessary hereby's and wheretofore's along with all-capped headings or courier-style fixed width fonts which could be made more readable.
8.14.2007 7:46pm
The Cabbage:
Moot court sounds like its much more fun than law review.
8.15.2007 12:47pm
DCL (mail):
Having done both -- it is.
8.15.2007 1:44pm
Brian G (mail) (www):
Moot court is much more fun than law review. I didn't even bother trying out for our 2 journals.

While my classmates were checking citations for hours on end, I was out working on real cases with real outcomes. They can theorize about, for example, a 1983 lawsuit all day. I actually know how to litigate one, from both the Plaintiff's and Defendant's side.
8.15.2007 10:34pm
Ronald Amon (mail):
Many focus on "the condition" (formerlawrevieweditorosis)without realizing a pride that comes with a finished product and the assurance that a best possible effort has evinced to take the reader beyond clear and unmistakable error. In Professor Kerr's "How to Read a Legal Opinion," page 5 under #3 Know the Disposition, "Words like 'reverse,' 'remand,' and 'vacate' (not means but "mean" as "words" is plural) that the higher court (not though but thought) the lower court had it wrong." This is not self-congratulatory revelation nor Obesessive Compulsive Disorder but a mere statement of additional errors arising from failures in simple proofreading of finished text.
8.17.2007 10:56am
Mr_Thorne (mail) (www):

If the law review editor wanted to make like a real editor, he would have dealt with more substantive issues than whether a stop was italicized or not. For instance, he might have said something about how the article describes captions:


The Caption: The first part of the case is the title of the case, known as the “caption.” Examples include Brown v. Board of Education and Miranda v. Arizona. The caption usually tells you the last names of the person who brought the lawsuit and the person who is being sued. For example, if Ms. Smith sues Mr. Jones, the case caption may be Smith v. Jones (or, depending on the court, Jones v. Smith).


He might have wrote, "the examples don't match the explanation. Arizona is a state, not someone's last name. And who's ever heard of a last name like Board of Education? Plus, the phrase "the last names of the person" is awkward. It makes the reader pause.

Better it would be to word that paragraph like so:


The Caption: The title of the case is known as the “caption.” It identifies the "parties" to the case, otherwise known as the "litigants." Examples include Brown v. Board of Education and Miranda v. Arizona. In cases between individuals, the caption includes the last names of the litigants. If Ms. Smith sues Mr. Jones, the caption is likely to be Smith v. Jones (or, depending on the court, Jones v. Smith).


Note that he would have reduced the number of words in that paragraph by better than 20%, which is a right, good thing for an editor to do.

But he probably would have been better off to end his message with his praise of the essay.
8.18.2007 1:56pm