"Pledges of Centrism":

The Chicago Tribune runs a story under the headline, "Roberts' record on high court defies '05 pledges of centrism":

Despite pledges during his 2005 confirmation hearing to hew to judicial centrism, Roberts has shown himself to be a reliable member of the Supreme Court's right flank—rarely, if ever, disagreeing with its positions on civil rights, gun control, the death penalty, affirmative action and a host of other issues.

That may come as no surprise to those who paid close attention to Roberts' career before his elevation to the high court, but the picture is at odds with the non-ideological face he presented after his nomination.

"I come before this committee with no agenda, no platform," Roberts told the Senate Judiciary Committee in 2005. "I will approach every case with an open mind."

Roberts branded himself then a judicial "umpire" who called the balls and strikes as he saw them, without reference to ideology.

"Some people will like what Roberts has done and some people will be upset about it, but it is hard to describe it as the work of a 'neutral umpire,'" said Christopher Eisgruber, a professor at Princeton University and an expert on the court appointments process....

In his three years on the court, Roberts has never sided with the more liberal members against his conservative brethren in a close case. He's never been that uncertain, critical fifth vote. That role has been played almost exclusively by Justice Anthony Kennedy....

The one thing conspicuously missing from the story is any actual pledge of centrism. A pledge of centrism, or a pledge to view the world more like Justices Kennedy or O'Connor rather than like Justices Scalia or Thomas, actually would be an agenda or a platform. (Some politicians actually run on a centrist platform and with a centrist agenda.)

Pledges to keep an "open mind," to be a "neutral umpire," and to lack an "agenda" or a "platform" aren't terribly meaningful pledges -- but what they pledge is a certain open-mindedness and lack of an overarching grand plan. They don't pledge a centrist ideology, or centrist results, or even a jurisprudence that is likely to reach centrist results.

The fact is that Justices, being mature professionals who have spent decades thinking about many legal issues, are likely to have certain views about the law. They may and should pledge to keep an open mind, in the sense of a willingness to listen to and consider contrary arguments. They may and should pledge to be neutral umpires, in the sense of deciding matters based on what they see as the proper neutral principles. But such pledges aren't pledges of centrism.

Justice Brennan, I suspect, tried to keep an open mind and be a neutral umpire; so does Chief Justice Roberts. That they reach very different results simply reflects the fact that open-mindedness and attempt at neutral decisionmaking doesn't equal either judicial liberalism, centrism, or conservatism.

Thanks to How Appealing for the pointer.

omarbradley:
1st off, the article is wrong. Roberts voted with the liberals in Jones v Flowers, a due process case from 2006. He was the 5th vote.
6.28.2008 11:05pm
Respondent:
The Tribune needs to check its facts. The article claims "In his three years on the court, Roberts has never sided with the more liberal members against his conservative brethren in a close case".

Well, voting with Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg, and Breyer against the other four members of the court certainly qualifies as siding "with the more liberal members against his conservative brethren in a close case". And that's precisely what Roberts did in Jones v. Flowers.

If the article just ignores the case, then its conclusions are fallacious in any event.
6.28.2008 11:10pm
Respondent:
Ughhh... Congrats to Omarbradley on beating me to the point.
6.28.2008 11:11pm
Laura S.:
As someone who has a history of voting 'New Democrat', I find the dishonesty or delusion of left-leaning partisans to be increasingly disturbing. This began with "Bush Lied, People Died" which could at least be taken as hyperbole. Now, though, we have an astonishing disconnect from reality--this isn't an isolated occurrence. Obama's website contains such gems as:

"At great cost, our troops have helped reduce violence in some areas of Iraq, but even those reductions do not get us below the unsustainable levels of violence of mid-2006. Moreover, Iraq's political leaders have made no progress in resolving the political differences at the heart of their civil war."

Both statements are rather dramatically false and his rhetoric on the stump hasn't changed either.
6.28.2008 11:24pm
JB:
It's a sad comment on the politicization of the Supreme Court that a pledge to be neutral is conflated with one to be a centrist.

There's no other possible explanation for this one.
6.28.2008 11:41pm
David M. Nieporent (www):
So, in short, the editorial manages to be wrong factually on two points and wrong logically on its premise.

1) It claims he never sided with the liberals when he did.

2) It claims he pledged to be centrist when he didn't.

3) And its entire argument is based on the weird idea that voting liberal makes one "centrist."
6.28.2008 11:56pm
Eliezer's DC:
Just seems like another hit piece from the liberal MSM that makes no sense or point.

Can one imagine a candidate for ANY position pledging NOT to keep an open mind?

Unsuprisingly, probably to the "reporter" who wrote this article keeping an open mind would mean coming around to the liberal position. Ironically (or maybe more accurately - Hypocritically), this "reporter" who seems to be critizing for Roberts not keeping an open minded - should try it himself.
6.29.2008 12:03am
Uthaw:
Can one imagine a candidate for ANY position pledging NOT to keep an open mind?

Yeah. I can certainly imagine a Democrat pledging not to keep an open mind about abortion.
6.29.2008 12:30am
omarbradley:
While Jones v Flowers isn't really a big case I specifically remembered it because it was one of his first cases and he sided with the liberals in giving a broad interpretation to the due process clause and utililizing substancing due process in his opinion. I saw that and worried what that could mean for future cases and his views on Roe and Casey.

Needless to say, Roberts has been a down the line conservative in his 3 years on the Court, siding with Scalia and Thomas in every major case(if not quite going as far as them and reversing some precedents). That said, I still have doubts that Roberts would vote to overrule Casey and Roe.

i think it's much more likely he'd hollow them out and basically vote to uphold any law short of an outright ban on pre-viability abortions as not being an undue burden.
6.29.2008 12:31am
NickW:
My guess is that the folks at the Tribune only looked at 5-4 decisions when writing their never-with-the-liberals-in-a-close-case paragraph. Jones v. Flowers wasn't 5-4; it was 5-3, with Alito not participating. Still sloppy, especially since the state court was reversed by the decision (and thus it was definitely a "close case"), but I can see how it would be missed.
6.29.2008 1:00am
Orielbean (mail):
6.29.2008 1:53am
VincentPaul (mail):
Since it's the Chicago Tribune, I'd expect nothing less.
6.29.2008 2:20am
Jerry F:
If one's definition of "centrist" is based on the views of the average American rather than the average law professor, Justices Scalia and Thomas, and to a lesser extent Roberts and Alito, would be the only centrists on the Supreme Court. If the Chicago Tribune is going to use "centrist" as their standard, the least they could do would be to evaluate centrist to mean at the political center rather than on the left wing.
6.29.2008 3:00am
Snarky:
Basically, Volokh is totally off his rocker.

Roberts is no neutral "umpire." He is an individual who calls strikes that go down the center of the plate balls (he see's them as to the left of the strike zone) and calls balls that are way right of the strike zone balls.

To say that you are an "neutral umpire" does in fact imply a degree of centrism. The idea that Roberts does not have an agenda is either a lie, or an instance of extreme self-delusion.

"I don't have an agenda. I just happen to vote in a right-wing manner 95% of the time."

Okay, whatever. And you live in lala land.

Give me a break. Really, Volokh, you can preach to the choir, but your not going to convince anyone who does not share your right-wing agenda.

Maybe if you made credible arguments, you would be worth listening too, despite your right-wing views. I think I vaguely remember or more reasonable Eugene Volokh, but I suppose those days are gone.
6.29.2008 6:04am
Snarky:

If one's definition of "centrist" is based on the views of the average American rather than the average law professor, Justices Scalia and Thomas, and to a lesser extent Roberts and Alito, would be the only centrists on the Supreme Court.


You truly are on crack.
6.29.2008 6:05am
Pliny, the Elder (mail):
I mostly agree with Jerry F.
While one can disagree with CJ Roberts views, as I have and probably will, they are certainly not out of whack with the views of most Americans. If the Chicago tribune wants to claim that what matters is the views of most lawyers or most law professors, it should spell that out.
If this were not the case, Obama (and maybe McCain) would be out campaigning based upon promises to never increase punishmetns for child rapist and to amend the Constitution to overturn the result in Heller.
6.29.2008 6:17am
tarheel:

If one's definition of "centrist" is based on the views of the average American rather than the average law professor, Justices Scalia and Thomas, and to a lesser extent Roberts and Alito, would be the only centrists on the Supreme Court.

If we're only talking guns, gays, God, and race, then this may be true. If we're talking about the other 95% of the Court's docket, I'm not so sure. I bet, for example, that most Americans largely approve of McCain-Feingold.

Of course, I suspect your view of what constitutes an "average American" may not be exactly "average."
6.29.2008 7:19am
K. Dackson (mail):
Never trust averages.

After all, the average american has one ball and one tit.
6.29.2008 7:35am
ronnie dobbs (mail):
I suspect that the truth of the matter is that most of the media and a great many members of Congress have virtually no idea of how appellate judges approach their work and a similarly low ability to analyze judicial opinions. Instead, they evaluate one's jurisprudence by a very crude, results-based metric. They really don't understand that if the law requires a "right wing" result, a neutral judge will arrive there as well.
6.29.2008 8:52am
Glenn W. Bowen (mail):
After watching the hearings the prospects are put through, I find that the act of extracting a pledge of any kind from a nominee is ridiculous, and reflects on the committee far more than the person being questioned.
6.29.2008 9:46am
Allen G.:
From Linda Greenhouse's most recent article on the recent session:


Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. was in the majority in 90 percent of the decisions, more than any other member of the court...


One might call him the single most centrist justice on the court.
6.29.2008 10:29am
Matt_T:
Gee, Snarky, all those ad hominem arguments were really convincing and totally changed my worldview. Well, I'm off to join the Obama campaign!
6.29.2008 10:38am
psennett (mail):
Snarky believes in a strike zone that changes from hitter to hitter, depending on whether that batter is a minority or comes from an underprivileged background, or is just having a bad day. As the batters BA gets smaller, his/her strike zone should also be made smaller to equal the playing field. And a batter with a .400 BA, who has three hits already today, would have an adjusted strike zone so large that the pitcher simply getting the ball all the way to the catcher would result in a strike, even if it was rolling the whole way up there.
6.29.2008 11:53am
ejo:
in the realm of politics, would eliminating the dp for child rapists be "centrist"-the polls cited by Pr. Lindgren suggest otherwise. same with many of the issues that the left finds so important and vital-they would be lucky to scrape 25% at the ballot box.
6.29.2008 12:52pm
trad and anon:
in the realm of politics, would eliminating the dp for child rapists be "centrist"-the polls cited by Pr. Lindgren suggest otherwise. same with many of the issues that the left finds so important and vital-they would be lucky to scrape 25% at the ballot box.
Whereas requiring the government to pay people to obey environmental regulations and a 1:1 maximum ratio for punitive damages would be enormous winners at the ballot box?
6.29.2008 2:24pm
wuzzagrunt (mail):
"Centrist" has about the same meaning as "non-partisan", where the MSM is concerned. Basically, it means always deferring to those on your left. This is similar to "growing in the job" which is used to describe a conservative who abandons all conservative principles.
6.29.2008 2:27pm
tarheel:

"Centrist" has about the same meaning as "non-partisan"

Centrist is about as malleable (and meaningless) as "judicial activist" or "strict constructionist."
6.29.2008 3:24pm
big dirigible (mail) (www):
Wouldn't a judge who claims to be a "centrist" be forced to pre-judge cases? The outcome of a case would be, for him, predetermined to be dead center between the "liberal" and "conservative" outcomes, regardless of the merits of the actual case.

Think how much time that would save - no need to examine evidence or listen to arguments, since the outcome could be determined beforehand.
6.29.2008 4:11pm
Brian G (mail) (www):
Roberts didn't pledge anything. He played the confirmation game by the rules that are now in place. Also, I love how "centrism" means voting with the liberals.
6.29.2008 4:17pm
NickM (mail) (www):
tarheel - "centrism" has far less meaning than either of the other 2 phrases. To the average person, "judicial activist" and "strict constructionist" imply who wins and loses in a particular case. "Centrism" essentially says some from Column A, some from Column B, but with no rhyme or reason implied as to which.

Nick
6.29.2008 5:16pm
tarheel:

To the average person, "judicial activist" and "strict constructionist" imply who wins and loses in a particular case.

I'm not sure I see that (though I do agree that "centrist" is totally meaningless). As far as I can tell, those labels are totally subjective based on one's opinion of the outcome. A decision I don't like is judicial activism (or even worse, "legislating from the bench"). One I do like is the result of strict constructionism. Any relationship between the application of those labels and the actual constitutional analysis is purely coincidental.
6.29.2008 5:45pm
whit:
snarky, you are simply wrong.

take a trip over to www.pollingreport.com and check out how the actual majority actually thinks on various issues.

roberts is a heck of a lot closer to the majority than you admit.
snarky reminds me of pauline kael, and her thoughts on nixon...
6.29.2008 5:48pm
rickster (mail):

A decision I don't like is judicial activism (or even worse, "legislating from the bench"). One I do like is the result of strict constructionism.

So a pro-choicer considers Roe v. Wade to be strict constructionist decision?
6.30.2008 4:59pm