The Volokh Conspiracy

New study says gay couples really do want marriage:

One of the most significant developments in the debate about same-sex marriage is that it is gradually moving from abstract discussions about philosophy and civil rights to concrete debates about evidence and experience. As more countries and states recognize gay marriage, we learn more and more about its effects and the characteristics of the families seeking it.

Some opponents of gay marriage, like the Institute for Marriage and Public Policy (IMAPP) in a report two years ago, have argued that few gays are even interested in marriage where it's available to them. Presumably, this observation is meant to undermine the claims of SSM supporters that marriage is really needed by gay families. It also supports the notion that it's not worth running even the small risk entailed in changing marriage for the benefit of a tiny minority of a tiny minority. SSM supporters, including me, responded that the IMAPP report wasn't really an argument against gay marriage, but mostly did not challenge the underlying finding that at least initially the uptake rate had been low.

Now the UCLA's Williams Institute, which supports same-sex marriage, has taken another look at the numbers. In a new report studying the recognition of domestic partnerships, civil unions, and gay marriages across the country, the report challenges the conclusions of the skeptics that gays don't really care about marriage. The report concludes:

Data from the states that have already extended legal recognition to same-sex couples support the conclusion that same-sex couples are entering into these relationships at significant rates, with over 40% of same-sex couples already in legally recognized relationships in those states. While the proportion of legally recognized same-sex couples is still substantially smaller than the percentage of different-sex couples who are married, we predict that the rates will reach parity within the next twenty years.

In addition, the data show that same-sex couples respond to changes in how states define their relationships. For example, average monthly registrations increased in the District of Columbia when the domestic partnership rights were increased. In New Jersey, the average number of monthly civil unions was higher than the number of domestic partnerships once the expanded civil union status was made available. Conversely, when California changed domestic partnership to a status much closer to that of marriage, a large number of couples chose to dissolve their official partnerships.

The data from these states also demonstrate that same-sex couples prefer marriage over civil unions or domestic partnerships. While 37% of same-sex couples married during the first year that marriage was made available to them in Massachusetts, only 12% of same-sex couples have entered civil unions and 10% have entered domestic partnerships during the first year in which states have offered these forms of recognition. Beyond having the legal rights and obligations associated with marriage, the name "marriage" matters for same-sex couples. As a result, it may be that in states that have recently extended non-marital forms of recognition to same-sex couples, some couples are waiting to register in the hope that marriage will someday become available or recognized in their state.

What accounts for the different conclusions of the IMAPP report and the Williams Institute study? For one thing, we now have a couple more years of experience with gay marriages and partnerships to draw from. Also, while IMAPP compared the numbers of gays getting married to estimates of the total number of gays in the jurisdiction, the Williams Institute compares the number of gays getting married (or entering other formal legal relationships) to the number of same-sex couple households in the jurisdiction.

The report is full of interesting information, charts, and graphs about the characteristics of same-sex couples as compared to opposite-sex couples, including age and prior marital history, the predominance of lesbian couples among those getting married, and the similar dissolution rates for same-sex and opposite-sex couples.

Smokey:
Be careful what you wish for.

"Take it from me, marriage isn't a word. It's a sentence."

~ King Vidor
8.3.2008 8:43pm
Caliban Darklock (www):
I don't really think it's possible for anyone to do an unbiased study of gay culture; both sides of the debate are deeply suspicious of the other, and generally seem more interested in pushing their own agenda than telling the truth.
8.3.2008 9:11pm
Le Messurier (mail):

What they do to each other is disgusting... and very unhealthy.
8.3.2008 9:50pm
Public_Defender (mail):

What they do to each other is disgusting... and very unhealthy.


Have you seen what most hetero couples look like? What they do to each other is disgusting. I certainly wouldn't want to see it. But I wouldn't support a ban on ugly or fat people getting married.
8.3.2008 9:55pm
DontForgetTheLadies:

What they do to each other is disgusting... and very unhealthy.

Hunh? What do lesbians do to each other that is more unhealthy than what heterosexual couples do? (I assume that you're trying to use health as an argument to oppose SSM, but that argument would appear to prefer female SSM over traditional marriage.)
8.3.2008 10:13pm
Daniel Chapman (mail):
Don't respond to it... he's obviously looking for a reaction.
8.3.2008 10:18pm
Randy R. (mail):
Make sure to post your comment soon before the prof closes off debate. We only have a window of a few hours....
8.3.2008 10:58pm
Hei Lun Chan (mail) (www):
Why does it matter what the percentage of gays who want gay marriage is? Either you believe they should be able to get married, or you don't; that percentage doesn't change anyone's opinion. And either way, both sides will try to say that it supports their side. If the percentage is high, one side will say that this means gays are just like normal people who want to fall in love and marry, while the other will say that their significant numbers will alter the idea of marriage. If the percentage is low, then one side will say that because the number of gay marriages will be low they couldn't possibly change what we think about marriage, while the other side will say that this just means gays don't want to get married anyway and that those who do are only making a political statement, and also that the low numbers will set an example for straights so that they will stop marrying too.
8.3.2008 11:05pm
Smokey:
"What they do to each other is disgusting... and very unhealthy."

Not that there's anything wrong with that...


[Daniel Chapman had the right response above].
8.3.2008 11:06pm
RW Rogers (mail):
Why no link or at least a mention of the actual numbers involved?
8.3.2008 11:54pm
Le Messurier (mail):
I stand by my view... half opinion and half fact, but I stand by it all.
8.4.2008 12:21am
Randy R. (mail):
You just forgot to ask if any of us care....
8.4.2008 12:59am
gattsuru (mail) (www):
In a new report studying the recognition of domestic partnerships, civil unions, and gay marriages across the country, the report challenges the conclusions of the skeptics that gays don't really care about marriage


I think you're covering different data sets. There is a distinct and significant difference between how many gay men or lesbian women (or bisexuals of either gender) care about gay marriage, and how many actually would get married. I've conversed with a lot of people that care about the subject, but wouldn't pick that particular path themselves any time soon; that includes people who want gay marriages to be legally recognized and would act differently after such, but aren't even in a long-term relationship. The only part of this survey which is the paper's prediction that gay marriage will reach parity with heterosexual marriage sometime in the future, and from what I can tell, they're predicting the long shot.

That's not unusual. There are a lot of gun bloggers that care about, say, Lautenberg or FOPA86, but won't be getting a order of protection against them or a machine gun any time particularly soon after the law changes.

It shouldn't be a surprising matter. The bans on gay marriage don't (and, Constitutionally, can not) prohibit cohabitation, gay marriage ceremonies, contracts regarding limitations on sexual partners, or a half-dozen other things. The latter options tend to be rarer than even demographics would suggest, though.

That's not to say this is somehow "bad" or "good", or an indicator of what policy should be, just that it's the experience I've seen, and a common miscomunication between the two parties.
8.4.2008 1:06am
Salaryman (mail):
I'm not sure whether this proves much. Let's assume some hypothetical facts: say group "A" cohabits at a rate of 50%, but only 1/2 of those cohabiting in group "A" ever marry: thus, 25% of group A members marry. Suppose that only 10% of group B members cohabit, but all of those 10% marry, such that 10% of group B members marry.

Is it really appropriate to compare the marriage rates among Group A and B cohabitants ("See, Group B cohabitants marry at twice the rate of Group A cohabitants!!") if we're trying to decide (for whatever reason) whether Group A or Group B is more interested in marrying? Why doesn't it make more sense to compare the marriage rates for Group A members as a whole to that of Group B members as a whole? If 99% of Group X members were adamantly single, with the other 1% marrying for life, I'd assume most people would agree that Group X as a whole was not the marrying kind.

I have no idea what the numbers would be for gay and straight Americans, but maybe Prof. Carpenter does. I also don't think the result should make any difference in the debate over SSM, but, hey, Carpenter brought the argument up and it seemed a little illogical to me.
8.4.2008 2:32am
hattio1:
I'm obviously too tired to be here. My first thought on reading Le Mesurier's post was too think it was a response to the poster above him talking about the two sides of the gay marriage debate...yeah, what they do to each other is disgusting. They twist around the other side's points, make a mockery of the worst stereotypes of those on the other side...etc.

But, no, he was pushing the same tired bullshit that folks on his side have always pushed.
8.4.2008 3:00am
John Herbison (mail):
I'm confused. What do gay sex partners do to each other that (some) hetero sex partners don't also do to each other? (And how would Le Mesurier know about who does what to whom?) Should heterosexual marriage accordingly be banned because of disgust and health risk?
8.4.2008 3:23am
corneille1640 (mail):

Why does it matter what the percentage of gays who want gay marriage is? Either you believe they should be able to get married, or you don't; that percentage doesn't change anyone's opinion. And either way, both sides will try to say that it supports their side

I agree.
8.4.2008 8:47am
SeaDrive:

Why does it matter what the percentage of gays who want gay marriage is?


For that matter, what does it matter what the percentage of workers who want Social Security (or health care, or the draft, or mortgage insurance or whatever) is? It's either a good thing, or it's not.

As a practical matter in the US, numbers matter.
8.4.2008 9:58am
nutbump (mail):
This report is invalid, since there is no way to determine scientifically who is gay who is not. There is no gay marker in human body.
So those studies is just a propaganda.
8.4.2008 10:19am
Daniel Chapman (mail):
"So those studies is just a propaganda."

Considering the survey only cares about those who self-identify as homosexual and the number of people who falsely self-identify as homosexual is probably negligible, I think your concern is overstated.

There might be a sample bias because the people who self-identify as homosexual might be more likely to also want a SSM, but that's a different complaint.
8.4.2008 10:57am
tommears (mail):

...As a result...some couples are waiting to register in the hope that marriage will someday become available or recognized in their state.


This is certainly what my partner and I have been holding out for. After 20 years together, it didn't seem to be worth the effort to get a piece of paper that would not be recognized or mean much outside the state/country it was issued in. Only in the last 2-months has there been any significant momentum.

With multiple states now either offering or recognizing marriage we decided the time was ripe for us. Our current plan is a 10-day vacation/elopment/honeymoon to several national parks in Oregon and northern California this October.
8.4.2008 11:20am
a_j_1979:
I am amazed that 12 hours after this was posted there are only 19 comments. I remember that one or two years ago this post would have generated 150 responses by now.

I might be wrong, but it has seemed to me lately that posts about gay marriage or DADT generate much less response here at the VC. It seems as if most people have now agreed upon on these subjects, and do not see them at all noteworthy. If that is the case, I think that is indeed a good thing, for liberty and the pursuit of happiness to each at is own. (...now, if it were polar bears we were talking about...)
8.4.2008 11:38am
Indga (mail):
Just look at the Folsom Street Fair and the other one which was held recently, marriage is not something that homosexuals really want. They do want the license to break down the traditions of Western society, and marriage is a foundational tradition. At heart, homosexuality is narcissistic and anarchic. How will they reconcile the narcissism and anarchy of public sex, of anonymous sex with the monogamy that is a principle of marriage? It makes no difference that many heterosexuals are not monogamous within marriage—that men are flawed does not change the nature of marriage or remove monogamy as one of its cherished principles. Though the state plays a role in marriage, the thing itself has a divine origin, the result of which is the spiritual union of the man and the woman. Thus, given its origin, that union can never occur between two men or two women because it was never intended to. Without that union, there is no marriage, and a civil paper asserting such is merely anarchy against the created order of things.
8.4.2008 11:58am
Daniel Chapman (mail):
Or possibly due to the fact that these conversations tend to be dominated by about 3 or 4 trolls/ideologues on each side, and it's not worth the abuse to jump in?

Also there's been no real news. Wait until there's a pending court case or piece of legislation, and people will care again.
8.4.2008 11:58am
shawn-non-anonymous:
Just another data point:

My partner and I have been together for 11 years. Our 10-year anniversary for our (unofficial) commitment ceremony is Oct 2009. If marriage in my home state of California is still legal after this next election, we will be traveling to California to renew our vows and be legally married.

We have no intention nor desire to return to Florida and sue for recognition. When the various elements of our lives align in the right way, we do intend on relocating to a state that recognizes our relationship.
8.4.2008 12:08pm
Randy R. (mail):
Indga: "They do want the license to break down the traditions of Western society, and marriage is a foundational tradition"

Yup, it's all part of the Homo Agenda.

We just had our annual convocation, and we amended the Agenda to include removing 'apple pie' as the symbol of America, and replace it with Sacher Torte. What better way to destroy traditional American values?
8.4.2008 12:31pm
Bob Van Burkleo (mail):
But this is a big part of gay culture, and what happens to public decency when homosexuals take over.

Oh Clayton it is not. Its a part of San Francisco culture. Pointing there for your mean would be like pointing to Las Vegas about the norms of gambling. Shoot its a tourist destination for people from around the country and world and as such not a representation of 'gay culture' but a distillation of those interested in such things out of a population of millions.

Was at the Seattle Pridefest and Canadian gentleman standing next to me watched for a while and complained that the parade wasn't very entertaining compared to the 'ones down south' and walked away.

As to the study, it just confirms what anyone with gay friends know - gay people naturally marry just like everyone else. Some states license contracts, some don't, but the people still couple up regardless.

Its always the underlying irony - they complain if they're single and then they complain if they don't want to be single. No pleasing some people it seems.
8.4.2008 2:03pm
Clayton E. Cramer (mail) (www):

Oh Clayton it is not. Its a part of San Francisco culture. Pointing there for your mean would be like pointing to Las Vegas about the norms of gambling.
That San Francisco is one of the highest concentrations of gay men in America--and the most politically effective--isn't in any way indicative.

Right.
8.4.2008 2:13pm
Randy R. (mail):
Well, Washington DC has one of the higest concentration of gay men, and the Pride parades are so normal that heteros with their kids line the streets to watch. In Toronto, another high concentration, it's one of the most popular parade with all its citizens.

But of course, that isn't the issue. The issue is the Clayton really wants everyone to hate gays as much as he does, facts be damned. This way, if a gay couple moves in next to you, you will shun them because of the fear he has sown. Good work, Christian soldier!
8.4.2008 2:24pm
Bob Van Burkleo (mail):
Randy, ditto for Seattle - we have the highest % of gays in metropolitan Seattle of any other city in the US other than San Francisco (12.9%) and its not like SF here either.

And that Clayton is 'fact driven' is a known - I'm sure he can think of 4 or 5 other reasons why SF would be different from the norm in this area other than merely the concentration of gay men but he just doesn't bother - he has the answer he wants regardless of any other possible contingency.

SF is an anomaly because of its place in history, not the norm.

Oh and I forgot to add the link to the paper itself.
8.4.2008 2:32pm
CJColucci:
I vaguely remember some pretty bizarre public heterosexual behavior in the streets of New Orleans -- not that there was anything wrong with that.
8.4.2008 2:35pm