A commenter asked whether newspapers normally “mess with the titles of op-eds.” My experience is that the newspapers have essentially complete control over op-ed headlines. They don’t ask the author what headline he prefers, and they don’t clear their own headline with the author beforehand. The headline is entirely up to them.
I didn’t know this before I started writing op-eds, so I thought that others might not know it, and that this would therefore be worth posting about.